Qiao Yue-Zhen, Wang Hong-Li, Huang Cheng, Chen Chang-Hong, Su Lei-Yan, Zhou Min, Xu Hua, Zhang Gang-Feng, Chen Yi-Ran, Li Li, Chen Ming-Hua, Huang Hai-Ying
Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2012 Apr;33(4):1071-9.
Light-duty gasoline taxis (LDGT) and passenger cars (LDGV), heavy-duty diesel buses (HDDB) and trucks (HDDT), gasoline motorcycles (MC) and LPG scooters (LPGS), were selected for tailpipe volatile organic compounds (VOCs) samplings by using transient dynamometer and on road test combined with SUMMA canisters technology. The samples were tested by GC-MS to analyze the concentration and species composition of VOCs. The results indicate that light-duty gasoline automobiles have higher fractions of aromatic hydrocarbons, which account for 43.38%-44.45% of the total VOCs, the main aromatic hydrocarbons are toluene and xylenes. Heavy-duty diesel vehicles have higher fractions of alkanes, which constitute 46.86%-48.57% of the total VOCs, the main alkanes are propane, n-dodecane and n-undecane. In addition, oxy-organics account for 13.28%-15.01% of the VOCs, the main oxy-organics is acetone. The major compound from MC and LPGS exhaust is acetylene, it accounts for 39.75% and 76.67% of the total VOCs, respectively. VOCs exhaust from gasoline motorcycles and light-duty gasoline automobiles has a significantly higher chemical reactivity than those from heavy-duty diesel vehicles, which contribute 55% and 44% to the atmospheric chemical reactivity in Shanghai. The gasoline motorcycles and light-duty gasoline automobiles are the key pollution sources affecting city and region ambient oxidation, and the key active species of toluene, xylenes, propylene, and styrene make the greatest contribution.
轻型汽油出租车（LDGT）和乘用车（LDGV）、重型柴油公交车（HDDB）和卡车（HDDT）、汽油摩托车（MC）和液化石油气踏板车（LPGS），通过使用瞬态测功机和道路测试结合苏玛罐技术，进行了尾气挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）采样。样品通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）进行测试，以分析VOCs的浓度和物种组成。结果表明，轻型汽油汽车的芳烃含量较高，占总VOCs的43.38%-44.45%，主要芳烃为甲苯和二甲苯。重型柴油车辆的烷烃含量较高，占总VOCs的46.86%-48.57%，主要烷烃为丙烷、正十二烷和正十一烷。此外，含氧有机物占VOCs的13.28%-15.01%，主要含氧有机物是丙酮。摩托车和液化石油气踏板车尾气中的主要化合物是乙炔，分别占总VOCs的39.75%和76.67%。汽油摩托车和轻型汽油汽车的VOCs尾气的化学反应活性明显高于重型柴油车辆，它们对上海大气化学反应活性的贡献率分别为55%和44%。汽油摩托车和轻型汽油汽车是影响城市和区域环境氧化性的关键污染源，甲苯、二甲苯、丙烯和苯乙烯等关键活性物种的贡献最大。
