Huang Jin-Sun, Wei Dong-Pu, Guo Xue-Yan, Ma Yi-Bing
Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2012 Apr;33(4):1369-75.
Field experiments were conducted to study the toxicity of added copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) in soils to wheat and metal accumulation in wheat plants. The results showed that the yields of wheat straw and grain were decreased with the increasing concentration of Cu and Ni added to soils. The added Cu concentrations yielding 10% inhibition of wheat yield (EC10) were 499.6 mg x kg(-1) for alkaline soils (Dezhou, pH 8.90), and 55.7 mg x kg(-1) for acidic soils (Qiyang, pH 5.31). The toxicity of Cu or Ni in acidic soils were significantly higher than that in alkaline soils. With increasing addition of Cu or Ni, the contents of Cu in wheat grains initially increased and then keep at constant level, while the accumulation of Ni in grains linearly increased. The contents of Cu and Ni in Qiyang wheat grains were 6.07-9.26 mg x kg(-1) and 0.53-31.78 mg x kg(-1), and those of in Dezhou were 5.24-10. 52 mg x kg(-1) and 0.16-25.33 mg x kg(-1). In both field experimental sites, the contents of Cu in wheat grains meet the national standard for food safety. These findings showed that Cu is more relevant to ecological risk assessments than to food safety assessments for wheat grown in soils that have been contaminated with Cu.
进行了田间试验，以研究土壤中添加铜（Cu）和镍（Ni）对小麦的毒性以及小麦植株中的金属积累情况。结果表明，随着土壤中添加的Cu和Ni浓度增加，小麦秸秆和籽粒产量下降。导致小麦产量抑制10%（EC10）的添加Cu浓度，碱性土壤（德州，pH 8.90）为499.6 mg·kg⁻¹，酸性土壤（祁阳，pH 5.31）为55.7 mg·kg⁻¹。酸性土壤中Cu或Ni的毒性显著高于碱性土壤。随着Cu或Ni添加量的增加，小麦籽粒中的Cu含量最初增加，然后保持恒定水平，而籽粒中Ni的积累呈线性增加。祁阳小麦籽粒中Cu和Ni的含量分别为6.07 - 9.26 mg·kg⁻¹和0.53 - 31.78 mg·kg⁻¹，德州的分别为5.24 - 10.52 mg·kg⁻¹和0.16 - 25.33 mg·kg⁻¹。在两个田间试验地点，小麦籽粒中的Cu含量均符合国家食品安全标准。这些研究结果表明，对于生长在受Cu污染土壤中的小麦，Cu与生态风险评估的相关性高于食品安全评估。
