Division for Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Nils Koppels Alle, Building 426D, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
Environ Sci Technol. 2013 Apr 2;47(7):3241-50. doi: 10.1021/es3037324. Epub 2013 Mar 8.
Comparative toxicity potentials (CTP), in life cycle impact assessment also known as characterization factors (CF), of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) were calculated for a global set of 760 soils. An accessibility factor (ACF) that takes into account the role of the reactive, solid-phase metal pool in the soil was introduced into the definition of CTP. Geographic differences in fate, accessibility, bioavailability, and terrestrial toxicity were assessed by combining the USEtox characterization model, empirical regression models, and terrestrial biotic ligand models. The median CTPs for Cu and Ni with 95% geographic variability intervals are 1.4 × 10(3) (1.7 × 10(2) to 2.0 × 10(4)) and 1.7 × 10(3) (2.1 × 10(2) to 1.1 × 10(4)) m(3)/kg · day, respectively. The geographic variability of 3.5 orders of magnitude in the CTP of Cu is mainly associated with the variability in soil organic carbon and pH. They largely influence the fate and bioavailability of Cu in soils. In contrast, the geographic variability of 3 orders of magnitude in the CTP of Ni can mainly be explained by differences in pore water concentration of magnesium (Mg(2+)). Mg(2+) competes with Ni(2+) for binding to biotic ligands, influencing the toxicity. Our findings stress the importance of dealing with geographic variability in the calculation of CTPs for terrestrial ecotoxicity of metals.
在生命周期影响评估中，比较毒性潜力 (CTP) 也称为特征化因子 (CF)，用于计算全球 760 种土壤中的铜 (Cu) 和镍 (Ni)。引入了一个可及性因子 (ACF)，以考虑土壤中反应性固相金属库的作用，该因子被纳入 CTP 的定义中。通过结合 USEtox 特征化模型、经验回归模型和陆地生物配体模型，评估了在命运、可及性、生物有效性和陆地毒性方面的地理差异。Cu 和 Ni 的中位 CTP 及其 95%地理变异性区间分别为 1.4×10(3) (1.7×10(2) 至 2.0×10(4)) 和 1.7×10(3) (2.1×10(2) 至 1.1×10(4)) m(3)/kg·day。Cu 的 CTP 具有 3.5 个数量级的地理变异性，主要与土壤有机碳和 pH 的变异性有关。它们极大地影响了 Cu 在土壤中的命运和生物有效性。相比之下，Ni 的 CTP 具有 3 个数量级的地理变异性，主要可以用孔隙水中镁 (Mg(2+))浓度的差异来解释。Mg(2+)与 Ni(2+)竞争与生物配体结合，影响毒性。我们的研究结果强调了在计算金属对陆地生态毒性的 CTP 时处理地理变异性的重要性。
