State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2012 Oct;38(2):193-202. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2012.06.003. Epub 2012 Jun 18.
Interferon (IFN) response is the first line of host defense against virus infection. The recent years have witnessed tremendous progress in understanding of fish IFN antiviral response. Varied number of IFN genes has been identified in different fish species but obviously, they do not show a one-to-one orthologous relationship with mammalian IFN homologs. These genes are divided into two groups with different abilities to induce downstream gene expression through binding to different receptor complexes. Consistently, some fish IFN-stimulated genes such as Mx and PKR have been confirmed for their antiviral effects. In this review, we focus on how fish cells respond to IFNs and how fish IFNs are triggered through TLR pathway and RLR pathway. We highlight the roles of IRF3 and IRF7 in activation of fish IFN response. In addition, the unique mechanisms underlying IRF3/7-dependent fish IFN response and auto-regulation of fish IFN gene expression are discussed.
干扰素 (IFN) 反应是宿主防御病毒感染的第一道防线。近年来，人们对鱼类 IFN 抗病毒反应的理解取得了巨大进展。不同鱼类中鉴定出了数量不等的 IFN 基因，但显然，它们与哺乳动物 IFN 同源物之间没有一一对应的直系同源关系。这些基因分为两组，通过与不同的受体复合物结合，具有不同的诱导下游基因表达的能力。一致地，一些鱼类 IFN 刺激基因，如 Mx 和 PKR，已被证实具有抗病毒作用。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注鱼类细胞如何对 IFN 作出反应，以及鱼类 IFN 如何通过 TLR 途径和 RLR 途径被触发。我们强调了 IRF3 和 IRF7 在激活鱼类 IFN 反应中的作用。此外，还讨论了 IRF3/7 依赖性鱼类 IFN 反应的独特机制和鱼类 IFN 基因表达的自身调控。
