Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Netherlands.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2012 Aug;32(6):510-23. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2012.05.007. Epub 2012 Jun 6.
In the past two decades, the study of mood disorder patients using experience sampling methods (ESM) and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has yielded important findings. In patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), the dynamics of their everyday mood have been associated with various aspects of their lives. To some degree similar studies have been conducted in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). In this paper we present the results of a systematic review of all ESM/EMA studies in MDD and BD to date. We focus not only on the correlates of patients' everyday mood but also on the impact on treatment, residual symptoms in remitted patients, on findings in pediatric populations, on MDD/BD specificity, and on links with neuroscience. After reviewing these six topics, we highlight the benefits of ESM/EMA for researchers, clinicians, and patients, and offer suggestions for future studies.
在过去的二十年中，使用经验采样方法（ESM）和生态瞬时评估（EMA）对心境障碍患者的研究取得了重要发现。在患有重度抑郁症（MDD）的患者中，他们日常情绪的动态与生活的各个方面都有关联。在一定程度上，类似的研究也在双相情感障碍（BD）患者中进行过。在本文中，我们对迄今为止所有 MDD 和 BD 的 ESM/EMA 研究进行了系统回顾。我们不仅关注患者日常情绪的相关性，还关注对治疗的影响、缓解期患者的残留症状、儿科人群中的发现、MDD/BD 的特异性，以及与神经科学的联系。在回顾了这六个主题后，我们强调了 ESM/EMA 对研究人员、临床医生和患者的益处，并为未来的研究提供了建议。
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