Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA 6872, Australia.
Vaccine. 2013 May 17;31(21):2525-30. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.019. Epub 2012 Jun 19.
Bacterial conjugate vaccines are based on the principle of coupling immunogenic bacterial capsular polysaccharides to a carrier protein to facilitate the induction of memory T-cell responses. Following the success of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines in the 1980s, conjugate vaccines for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis infections were developed and proven to be effective in protecting children against invasive disease. In this review, the use of conjugate vaccines in human newborns is discussed. Neonatal Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination schedules have been trialed and proven to be safe, with the majority of studies demonstrating no evidence for the induction of immune tolerance. Whether their neonatal administration also results in an earlier induction of clinical protection in the first 2-3 critical months of life is still to be demonstrated.
细菌结合疫苗基于将免疫原性细菌荚膜多糖与载体蛋白偶联的原理，以促进记忆 T 细胞反应的诱导。继 20 世纪 80 年代乙型流感嗜血杆菌结合疫苗成功之后，开发了用于肺炎链球菌和脑膜炎奈瑟菌感染的结合疫苗，并已证明其可有效保护儿童免受侵袭性疾病的侵害。在这篇综述中，讨论了结合疫苗在人类新生儿中的应用。已经尝试并证明了新生儿接种乙型流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎球菌结合疫苗的方案是安全的，大多数研究表明没有诱导免疫耐受的证据。它们在新生儿期的给药是否也能更早地在生命的前 2-3 个月诱导临床保护，仍有待证明。
