Chiarenza G A, Vasile G, Villa M
Istituto di Neuropsichiatria Infantile, Universitá Degli Studi di Milano, Italy.
Int J Psychophysiol. 1990 Dec;10(2):105-15. doi: 10.1016/0167-8760(90)90025-9.
In this study, the performances and the movement-related brain macropotentials of a group of adults and 10-year-old children were analyzed to test whether and how they were correlated to the success or failure in the performance. Bereitschaftspotential (BP), motor cortex potential (MCP) and skilled performance positivity (SPP) related to preparation, execution and evaluation of performance respectively showed a significant relationship to the performance outcome. The BP area in the left precentral decreased significantly with increasing performance time. The amplitude of the MCP was maximum during target performances and decreased with increasing range of error of performance. There was a difference in trend between adults and children in the SPP latency. During target performances, SPP latency in Pz was maximum in children and minimum in adults. In children, the SPP amplitude was greater in frontal and precentral areas during target performance and decreased with increasing inaccuracy of performance. This trend was not evident in adults. The results seem to indicate that the SPP latency does not seem to depend on the performance time but on the evaluation of information conveyed by the stimulus. How this evaluation takes place seems to be different in children and adults; this evaluation process is also reflected in the SPP amplitude of children during target performances. For the adults who have already developed formal thinking, the probability that any outcome is possible exists and so the significant relationship between SPP amplitude and performance is not seen.
在本研究中，分析了一组成年人和10岁儿童的表现以及与运动相关的脑宏观电位，以测试它们是否以及如何与表现的成功或失败相关。分别与表现的准备、执行和评估相关的 Bereitschaftspotential（BP）、运动皮层电位（MCP）和熟练表现阳性（SPP）与表现结果显示出显著关系。随着表现时间的增加，左中央前回的BP区域显著减小。MCP的振幅在目标表现期间最大，并随着表现误差范围的增加而减小。成人和儿童在SPP潜伏期的趋势存在差异。在目标表现期间，儿童Pz处的SPP潜伏期最长，成人最短。在儿童中，目标表现期间额叶和中央前回区域的SPP振幅更大，并随着表现不准确程度的增加而减小。这种趋势在成年人中不明显。结果似乎表明，SPP潜伏期似乎不取决于表现时间，而是取决于对刺激所传达信息的评估。这种评估在儿童和成人中似乎有所不同；这种评估过程也反映在目标表现期间儿童的SPP振幅上。对于已经发展出形式思维的成年人来说，任何结果都有可能出现，因此SPP振幅与表现之间没有显著关系。
