Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5, rue J.B. Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex, France.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2012 Oct;64(13):1394-416. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.06.006. Epub 2012 Jun 21.
The application of nanotechnology in the biomedical field, known as nanomedicine, has gained much interest in the recent past, as versatile strategy for selective drug delivery and diagnostic purposes. The already encouraging results obtained with monofunctional nanomedicines have directed the efforts of the scientists towards the creation of "nanotheranostics" (i.e. theranostic nanomedicines) which integrate imaging and therapeutic functions in a single platform. Nanotheranostics hold great promises because they combine the simultaneous non-invasive diagnosis and treatment of diseases with the exciting possibility to monitor in real time drug release and distribution, thus predicting and validating the effectiveness of the therapy. Due to these features nanotheranostics are extremely attractive for optimizing treatment outcomes in cancer and other severe diseases. The following step is the attempt to use nanotheranostics for performing a real personalized medicine which will tailor optimized treatment to each patient, taking into account the individual variability. Clinical application of nanotheranostics would enable earlier detection and treatment of diseases and earlier assessment of the response, thus allowing screening for patients which would potentially respond to therapy and have higher possibilities of a favorable outcome. This concept makes nanotheranostics extremely appealing to elaborate personalized therapeutic protocols for achieving the maximal benefit along with a high safety profile. Among the several systems developed up to now, this review focuses on the nanotheranostics which, due to the promising results, show the highest potential of translation to clinical applications and may transform into concrete practice the concept of personalized nanomedicine.
纳米技术在生物医学领域的应用，即纳米医学，在最近引起了广泛关注，因为它是一种用于选择性药物输送和诊断的多功能策略。单功能纳米药物已经取得了令人鼓舞的结果，这促使科学家们努力创造“纳米治疗学”（即治疗纳米药物），将成像和治疗功能集成在一个单一平台上。纳米治疗学具有很大的潜力，因为它们将疾病的同时非侵入性诊断和治疗与实时监测药物释放和分布的令人兴奋的可能性结合在一起，从而预测和验证治疗的有效性。由于这些特点，纳米治疗学在优化癌症和其他严重疾病的治疗效果方面极具吸引力。下一步是尝试使用纳米治疗学来进行真正的个性化医疗，根据每个患者的个体差异，为其量身定制优化的治疗方案。纳米治疗学的临床应用将能够更早地发现和治疗疾病，并更早地评估治疗效果，从而筛选出那些可能对治疗有反应、有更高良好预后可能性的患者。这一概念使纳米治疗学在制定个性化治疗方案方面极具吸引力，因为它可以实现最大的收益，同时具有很高的安全性。在迄今为止开发的几种系统中，本篇综述重点介绍了那些由于结果令人鼓舞而显示出最高向临床应用转化潜力的纳米治疗学，它们可能将个性化纳米医学的概念转化为具体实践。
