Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
Inj Prev. 2012 Dec;18(6):365-70. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2011-040246. Epub 2012 Jun 22.
Pedestrian incidents represent an increasing proportion of serious injuries resulting from motor vehicle collisions in Canada. However, few studies have examined the effect of pedestrian crossing location in urban areas on injury severity. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between pedestrian-motor vehicle collision injury severity and crossing location.
This study was a population-based analysis of police-reported pedestrian collision data. The study group was pedestrian collisions from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2009 in Toronto. Main outcome measures were a binary indicator of severe injury, and a four-level categorical variable of injury severity. The exposure variable was crossing at mid-block with no traffic control compared to signalised intersection. Analysis was via binary and multinomial logistic regression models to estimate ORs of injury severity with 95% CIs.
The analysis included 9575 pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions, of which 7325 occurred at signalised intersections when crossing and 2230 occurred at uncontrolled mid-block locations when crossing without right of way. Uncontrolled mid-block collisions resulted in greater injury severity when controlling for road type. The odds of severe injury were 1.75 (95% CI 1.07 to 2.86) for children, 2.55 (95% CI 2.13 to 3.05) for adults and 1.68 (95% CI 1.23 to 2.28) for older adults. The odds of death at uncontrolled mid-block crossings were 4.97 (95% CI 3.11 to 7.94) in adults and 3.49 (95% CI 2.07 to 5.89) in older adults.
Crossing at uncontrolled mid-block locations resulted in greater injury severity compared with crossing at signalised intersections. This has important implications for pedestrian behaviour and traffic environment design and emphasises the need for safe pedestrian crossings on urban roads.
在加拿大，行人事故占机动车碰撞导致重伤的比例不断上升。然而，很少有研究调查城市地区行人横道位置对伤害严重程度的影响。本研究的目的是探讨行人与机动车碰撞伤害严重程度与行人横道位置的关系。
这是一项基于人群的警察报告行人碰撞数据的分析。研究组为 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2009 年 12 月 31 日期间在多伦多发生的行人碰撞。主要结局指标为严重伤害的二项指标，以及伤害严重程度的四项分类变量。暴露变量为无交通控制的中央街区穿越与信号交叉口的穿越比较。通过二元和多项逻辑回归模型分析来估计严重伤害的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。
该分析包括 9575 起行人与机动车碰撞，其中 7325 起发生在信号交叉口穿越时，2230 起发生在无先行权的中央街区无控制穿越时。在控制道路类型后，无控制中央街区碰撞导致更严重的伤害。儿童严重受伤的几率为 1.75（95%CI 1.07 至 2.86），成年人为 2.55（95%CI 2.13 至 3.05），老年人为 1.68（95%CI 1.23 至 2.28）。在无控制中央街区穿越时，成年人死亡的几率为 4.97（95%CI 3.11 至 7.94），老年人为 3.49（95%CI 2.07 至 5.89）。
与在信号交叉口穿越相比，在无控制的中央街区穿越导致更严重的伤害。这对行人行为和交通环境设计具有重要意义，并强调了城市道路上安全行人横道的必要性。
