设有交通信号灯的交叉路口处左转车辆与行人的冲突：是利还是弊？一项分两阶段的研究。
Left-turning vehicle-pedestrian conflicts at signalized intersections with traffic lights: Benefit or harm? A two-stage study.
作者信息
He Yi-Ling, Li Ruo-Tong, Li Li, Schwebel David C, Huang He-Lai, Yin Qing-Yi, Hu Guo-Qing
机构信息
School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
出版信息
Chin J Traumatol. 2019 Apr;22(2):63-68. doi: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.07.007. Epub 2019 Mar 11.
PURPOSE
Vehicle-pedestrian conflicts are common at road intersections when traffic lights change. However, the impact of traffic light on transportation safety and efficiency remains poorly understood.
METHODS
A two-stage study was used to survey the proportion of intersections with conflicting traffic lights and the related transportation efficiency and safety were evaluated as well. First, a cross-sectional study estimated the proportion of signalized intersections with conflicting left-turning vehicle-pedestrian traffic lights in Changsha city, China. Second, a natural experiment compared transportation efficiency and safety between intersections with and without conflicting left-turning vehicle-pedestrian traffic lights. Risky conflicts, where motor vehicles violated laws and failed to yield to pedestrians in crosswalk were used as a surrogate for transportation safety. The number of motor vehicles and pedestrians passing through the intersections per second and per meter were used to estimate transportation efficiency. Data were collected and analyzed in 2015 (from March to December). A search of online news from domestic media sources was also conducted to collect pedestrian injury data occurring at the intersections.
RESULTS
About one-fourth (57/216) intersections had conflicting left-turning traffic lights (95% CI: 20.5%, 32.3%). Risky vehicle-pedestrian conflicts were more frequently observed at intersections with conflicting lights compared to those without (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 3.13; pedestrians: IRR = 4.02), after adjusting for type of day (weekday vs. weekend), the time period of observation, and motor vehicles traffic flow. Intersections without conflicting vehicle-pedestrian traffic lights had similar transportation efficiency to those with conflicting lights after controlling for covariates (p > 0.05). The systematic review of news media reports yielded 10 left-turning vehicle-pedestrian crash events between 2011 and 2017, involving 11 moderate or severe pedestrian injuries and 3 fatal pedestrian injuries.
CONCLUSION
Over one-fourth of road intersections in Changsha city, China have conflicting left-turning traffic lights. Conflicting traffic lights cannot improve transportation efficiency, but increase risky conflicts between vehicles and pedestrians.
目的
在交通信号灯变换时，道路交叉口处车辆与行人冲突很常见。然而，交通信号灯对交通安全和效率的影响仍知之甚少。
方法
采用两阶段研究来调查存在冲突交通信号灯的交叉口比例，并评估相关的交通效率和安全性。首先，一项横断面研究估计了中国长沙市存在左转车辆与行人交通信号灯冲突的信号交叉口比例。其次，一项自然实验比较了存在和不存在左转车辆与行人交通信号灯冲突的交叉口之间的交通效率和安全性。机动车违反法律且未在人行横道让行行人的危险冲突被用作交通安全的替代指标。每秒和每米通过交叉口的机动车和行人数量用于估计交通效率。数据于2015年（3月至12月）收集和分析。还对国内媒体来源的在线新闻进行了搜索，以收集在这些交叉口发生的行人受伤数据。
结果
约四分之一（57/216）的交叉口存在左转交通信号灯冲突（95%置信区间：20.5%，32.3%）。与没有冲突信号灯的交叉口相比，有冲突信号灯的交叉口更频繁地观察到危险的车辆与行人冲突（发病率比值（IRR） = 3.13；行人：IRR = 4.02），在调整了日期类型（工作日与周末）、观察时间段和机动车交通流量后。在控制协变量后，不存在车辆与行人交通信号灯冲突的交叉口与存在冲突信号灯的交叉口具有相似的交通效率（p > 0.05）。对新闻媒体报道的系统评价得出2011年至2017年期间有10起左转车辆与行人碰撞事件，涉及11例中度或重度行人受伤和3例行人死亡。
结论
中国长沙市超过四分之一的道路交叉口存在左转交通信号灯冲突。冲突的交通信号灯不能提高交通效率，但会增加车辆与行人之间的危险冲突。
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