Department of Psychology, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-5030, USA.
Child Neuropsychol. 2013 Sep;19(5):479-94. doi: 10.1080/09297049.2012.696602. Epub 2012 Jun 25.
Anoxic brain injury (ABI) often results in severe memory impairment and other cognitive and behavioral deficits, although limited information is available regarding pediatric cases. This study reported the neuropsychological outcomes in six children and adolescents who sustained ABI. Profiles were compared by mechanism of injury (ischemic vs. hypoxemic) and three cases were evaluated more than once. Severe intellectual, attention, memory, and behavioral impairments were observed in all six cases although academic achievement, internalizing behavioral problems, and visuospatial deficits were in general less severe than other cognitive and behavioral deficits. The longitudinal case studies varied but showed steady increases in memory and intellectual performance in the younger children with strongest improvement in nonverbal abilities and little change in parent-reported behavior. This study raises several possible hypotheses about specific cognitive and behavioral outcomes observed in pediatric ABI.
缺氧性脑损伤（ABI）常导致严重的记忆障碍和其他认知及行为缺陷，尽管关于儿科病例的信息有限。本研究报告了 6 名患有 ABI 的儿童和青少年的神经心理学结果。通过损伤机制（缺血性与缺氧性）对患者进行了分类，并对其中 3 例进行了多次评估。尽管所有 6 例患者的学业成绩、内化行为问题和视空间缺陷均低于其他认知和行为缺陷，但均观察到严重的智力、注意力、记忆和行为障碍。纵向病例研究各不相同，但在年龄较小的儿童中，记忆和智力表现均稳步提高，非言语能力的改善最为明显，而家长报告的行为变化较小。本研究提出了几个关于儿科 ABI 观察到的特定认知和行为结果的可能假设。
