Quantitative evidence of crossover toward partial dislocation mediated plasticity in copper single crystalline nanowires.

In situ tensile tests of Cu single crystalline nanowires in a high-resolution transmission electron microscope reveal a novel effect of sample dimensions on plasticity mechanisms. When the single crystalline nanowire size was reduced to <∼150 nm, the normal full dislocation slip was taken over by partial dislocation mediated plasticity (PDMP). For the first time, we demonstrate this transition in a quantitative manner by assessing the relative contributions to plastic strain from PDMP and full dislocations. The crossover sample size is consistent, well within model predictions. This discovery represents yet another "sample size effect", beyond other reported influence of sample dimensions on the mechanical behavior of metals, such as dislocation starvation or source truncation, and the "smaller is stronger" trend.