Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2012 Jul;19(4):244-51. doi: 10.1053/j.ackd.2012.01.008.
In the United States, racial-ethnic minorities experience disproportionately high rates of ESRD, but they are substantially less likely to receive living donor kidney transplants (LDKT) compared with their majority counterparts. Minorities may encounter barriers to LDKT at several steps along the path to receiving it, including consideration, pursuit, completion of LDKT, and the post-LDKT experience. These barriers operate at different levels related to potential recipients and donors, health care providers, health system structures, and communities. In this review, we present a conceptual framework describing various barriers that minorities face along the path to receiving LDKT. We also highlight promising recent and current initiatives to address these barriers, as well as gaps in initiatives, which may guide future interventions to reduce racial-ethnic disparities in LDKT.
在美国，少数族裔人群的终末期肾病发病率不成比例地高，但与多数族裔人群相比，他们接受活体供肾移植 (LDKT) 的可能性要低得多。少数族裔人群在接受 LDKT 的过程中，可能会在多个环节遇到障碍，包括考虑、追求、完成 LDKT 以及接受 LDKT 后的体验。这些障碍存在于与潜在受者和供者、医疗保健提供者、医疗体系结构和社区等相关的不同层面。在这篇综述中，我们提出了一个概念框架，描述了少数族裔人群在接受 LDKT 过程中所面临的各种障碍。我们还强调了一些有希望的最近和当前的举措，以解决这些障碍，以及举措中的差距，这些差距可能为未来减少 LDKT 中的种族和族裔差异的干预措施提供指导。
