婴儿视觉觅食的注意动力学。
Attentional dynamics of infant visual foraging.
机构信息
Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jul 10;109(28):11460-4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1203482109. Epub 2012 Jun 25.
Abstract
Young infants actively gather information about their world through visual foraging, but the dynamics of this important behavior is poorly understood, partly because developmental scientists have often equated its essential components, looking and attending. Here we describe a method for simultaneously tracking spatial attention to fixated and nonfixated locations during free looking in 12-week-old infants using steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs). Using this method, we found that the sequence of locations an infant inspects during free looking reflects a momentary bias away from locations that were recently the target of covert attention, quickly followed by the redirection of attention--in advance of gaze--to the next target of fixation. The result is a pattern of visual foraging that is likely to support efficient exploration of complex environments by facilitating the inspection of new locations in real time.
摘要
婴儿通过视觉觅食积极地收集有关周围世界的信息，但这种重要行为的动态情况仍不清楚，部分原因是发展科学家们通常将其基本组成部分，即看和注意，视为等同。在这里，我们描述了一种在 12 周大的婴儿自由观看时使用稳态视觉诱发电位（SSVEP）同时跟踪注视和非注视位置的空间注意力的方法。使用这种方法，我们发现婴儿在自由观看期间检查的位置序列反映了一种暂时的偏向，即远离最近是隐蔽注意力目标的位置，然后迅速将注意力重新引导到注视的下一个目标。其结果是一种视觉觅食模式，它可能通过实时检查新位置来促进复杂环境的高效探索。
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