Centre for Quantum Photonics, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory & Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Building,Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UB, United Kingdom.
Sci Rep. 2012;2:470. doi: 10.1038/srep00470. Epub 2012 Jun 25.
Bell tests - the experimental demonstration of a Bell inequality violation - are central to understanding the foundations of quantum mechanics, and are a powerful diagnostic tool for the development of quantum technologies. To date, Bell tests have relied on careful calibration of measurement devices and alignment of a shared reference frame between two parties - both technically demanding tasks. We show that neither of these operations are necessary, violating Bell inequalities (i) with certainty using unaligned, but calibrated, measurement devices, and (ii) with near-certainty using uncalibrated and unaligned devices. We demonstrate generic quantum nonlocality with randomly chosen measurements on a singlet state of two photons, implemented using a reconfigurable integrated optical waveguide circuit. The observed results demonstrate the robustness of our schemes to imperfections and statistical noise. This approach is likely to have important applications both in fundamental science and quantum technologies, including device-independent quantum key distribution.
贝尔测试 - 对贝尔不等式违反的实验验证 - 是理解量子力学基础的核心,也是量子技术发展的有力诊断工具。迄今为止,贝尔测试依赖于对测量设备的仔细校准和双方之间共享参考框架的对准 - 这两个任务都具有很高的技术要求。我们表明,这两个操作都不必要,而是可以通过使用未经校准但经过校准的测量设备(i)肯定地违反贝尔不等式,以及通过使用未经校准和未对准的设备(ii)接近肯定地违反贝尔不等式。我们使用可重构集成光学波导电路在两个光子的 singlet 态上进行随机测量,展示了通用量子非局域性。观察到的结果表明,我们的方案对不完善和统计噪声具有鲁棒性。这种方法在基础科学和量子技术中都有重要的应用,包括设备无关的量子密钥分发。