Hematological Research Group, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
Thromb Haemost. 2012 Sep;108(3):554-60. doi: 10.1160/TH11-11-0818. Epub 2012 Jun 28.
Prudent dietary patterns are associated with reduced risk of arterial cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Limited data exist on the relation between diet and venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of our prospective, population based study was to investigate the association of a heart healthy diet on risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and VTE. Information on dietary habits was available in 18,062 subjects, aged 25-69, who participated in the fourth Tromsø study, 1994-1995. Dietary patterns were assessed by a slightly modified version of the validated SmartDiet score; a 13-item questionnaire producing a diet score based on the intakes of fat, fibre, fruit and vegetables. Incident events of MI (n=518) and VTE (n=172) were recorded to the end of follow-up December 31, 2005 (median follow-up 10.8 years). Cox-regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR). A healthy diet score of >27 points (upper tertile) was associated with 17% reduced risk of MI (HR: 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-1.06), and no association with VTE (HR: 1.01; 95%CI: 0.66-1.56), compared to <24 points (lower tertile) in multivariable analysis. High intake of fish, fruit, vegetables and polyunsatured fat had a 23% reduced risk of MI (HR 0.77; 95%CI: 0.60-0.98), but no association with VTE (HR 0.95; 95%CI: 0.64-1.40). A heart healthy diet showed an even more favourable association with MI in obese subjects (HR: 0.62; 95%CI: 0.41-0.95), but not with VTE. Our findings suggest that a heart healthy dietary pattern is associated with moderately reduced risk of MI, but not related to risk of VTE.
谨慎的饮食模式与降低动脉心血管疾病（CVD）的风险有关。关于饮食与静脉血栓栓塞（VTE）之间的关系，数据有限。我们的前瞻性、基于人群的研究旨在调查健康饮食与心肌梗死（MI）和 VTE 风险之间的关系。1994-1995 年，在第四届特罗姆瑟研究中，有 18062 名年龄在 25-69 岁的参与者提供了饮食习惯信息。饮食模式通过经过略微修改的验证 SmartDiet 评分进行评估；这是一种 13 项问卷，根据脂肪、纤维、水果和蔬菜的摄入量得出饮食评分。记录到 2005 年 12 月 31 日（中位随访 10.8 年）的 MI（n=518）和 VTE（n=172）的事件。使用 Cox 回归模型计算危险比（HR）。健康饮食评分>27 分（上三分位）与 MI 风险降低 17%相关（HR：0.83，95%置信区间[CI]：0.66-1.06），与 VTE 无关（HR：1.01；95%CI：0.66-1.56），与多变量分析中的<24 分（下三分位）相比。鱼类、水果、蔬菜和多不饱和脂肪的高摄入量与 MI 风险降低 23%相关（HR 0.77；95%CI：0.60-0.98），但与 VTE 无关（HR 0.95；95%CI：0.64-1.40）。健康的饮食模式与肥胖人群的 MI 相关性更强（HR：0.62；95%CI：0.41-0.95），但与 VTE 无关。我们的发现表明，健康的饮食模式与 MI 的风险适度降低有关，但与 VTE 风险无关。
