Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2013 Jan;39(1):66-75. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3311. Epub 2012 Jun 27.
A worksite lifestyle intervention aiming to improve lifestyle behaviors could be an effective tool to keep older workers vital, and thereby prolong their labor participation. Therefore, this study evaluates the effectiveness of such an intervention on vitality, work engagement, productivity and sick leave.
In a randomized controlled trial design, 367 workers (control group: N=363) received a 6-month intervention, which included two weekly guided group sessions: one yoga and one workout, as well as one weekly session of aerobic exercising, without face-to-face instruction, and three individual coach visits aimed at changing workers' lifestyle behavior by goal setting, feedback, and problem-solving strategies. Furthermore, free fruit was provided at the guided sessions. Data on work-related vitality (UWES vitality scale), general vitality (RAND-36 vitality scale), work engagement (UWES), productivity (single item scoring 0-10), and sick leave (yes/no past 3 months) were collected using questionnaires at baseline (N=730), and at 6- (N=575) and 12-months (N=500) follow-up. Effects were analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle with complete cases (N=500) and imputed data (N=730).
There were no significant differences in vitality, work engagement, productivity, and sick leave between the intervention and control group workers after either 6- and 12-months follow-up. Yoga and workout subgroup analyses showed a 12-month favorable effect on work-related vitality [β=0.14, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.04-0.28] and general vitality (β=2.9, 95% CI 0.02-5.9) among high yoga compliers. For high workout compliers, this positive trend was also seen, but it was not statistically significant.
Implementation of worksite yoga facilities could be a useful strategy to promote vitality-related work outcomes, but only if high compliance can be maximized. Therefore, impeding factors for participation should be investigated in more detail in future research.
旨在改善生活方式的工作场所生活方式干预措施可能是保持老年工人活力的有效工具，从而延长他们的劳动参与时间。因此，本研究评估了这种干预措施对活力、工作投入、生产力和病假的有效性。
在一项随机对照试验设计中，367 名工人（对照组：N=363）接受了为期 6 个月的干预，其中包括每周两次有指导的小组会议：一次瑜伽和一次锻炼，以及一次每周的有氧运动，没有面对面的指导，以及三次个体教练访问，旨在通过目标设定、反馈和解决问题的策略来改变工人的生活方式行为。此外，在有指导的会议上提供免费水果。使用问卷在基线（N=730）、6 个月（N=575）和 12 个月（N=500）随访时收集与工作相关的活力（UWES 活力量表）、一般活力（RAND-36 活力量表）、工作投入（UWES）、生产力（单项评分 0-10）和病假（过去 3 个月是否）数据。根据意向治疗原则，采用完整病例（N=500）和插补数据（N=730）分析效果。
在 6 个月和 12 个月随访后，干预组和对照组工人的活力、工作投入、生产力和病假均无显著差异。瑜伽和锻炼亚组分析显示，在高瑜伽依从者中，12 个月时与工作相关的活力[β=0.14，95%置信区间（95%CI）0.04-0.28]和一般活力（β=2.9，95%CI 0.02-5.9）有有利影响。对于高锻炼依从者，也出现了这种积极趋势，但没有统计学意义。
实施工作场所瑜伽设施可能是促进与活力相关的工作成果的有效策略，但前提是最大限度地提高高依从性。因此，未来的研究应更详细地调查参与的阻碍因素。
