Wilson Steven M, Mayne Tracy J, Krishnan Mahesh, Holland Janet, Volz Abbe, Good Lori S, Nissenson Allen R
DaVita Clinical Research, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA.
Hemodial Int. 2013 Jan;17(1):86-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2012.00721.x. Epub 2012 Jun 29.
Hemodialysis patients using central venous catheters (CVCs) for vascular access are at greater risk of infection and death vs. arterial venous fistula (AVF). In 2008, DaVita initiated the CathAway quality improvement initiative, a multidisciplinary program to reduce CVC use in favor of AVF. Our retrospective analysis examined CVC use for incident (≤90 days) and prevalent (>90 days) patients receiving hemodialysis in the years 2006 to 2010. Outcomes included annual mean percentage of patients with CVCs, new CVC placements per 100 patient years, CVC survival, and percentage patient days with CVC. Over 152,000 patient records were reviewed. Between 76.2% and 79.7% of incident patients used a CVC annually, but for prevalent patients, the proportion decreased from 41.1% in 2006 to 33.5% in 2010. The number of new CVC placements per 100 patient years increased slightly for incident patients but fell annually from 64.8 in 2006 to 55.2 in 2010 for prevalent patients. The percentage of treatment days with CVCs was stable among incident patients (70.4%-74.3%) but fell among prevalent patients from 26.1% in 2006 to 16.5% in 2010. The mean duration of CVC use in incident patients was between 53.0 days (SD, 27.8) in 2006 and 54.1 days (SD, 28.1) in 2009, and for prevalent patients between 158.9 days (SD, 123.0) in 2006 and 128.1 days (SD, 112.0) in 2010. CathAway significantly decreased CVC use in prevalent hemodialysis patients. Decreasing incident patient use will require improvements in predialysis care.
与使用动静脉内瘘(AVF)的患者相比,使用中心静脉导管(CVC)进行血管通路的血液透析患者感染和死亡风险更高。2008年,达维塔公司发起了“CathAway质量改进计划”,这是一个多学科项目,旨在减少CVC的使用,转而采用AVF。我们的回顾性分析研究了2006年至2010年期间接受血液透析的新发(≤90天)和长期(>90天)患者的CVC使用情况。结果包括使用CVC患者的年平均百分比、每100患者年的新CVC置入数量、CVC存活情况以及使用CVC的患者天数百分比。共审查了超过152,000份患者记录。每年有76.2%至79.7%的新发患者使用CVC,但对于长期患者,这一比例从2006年的41.1%降至2010年的33.5%。每100患者年的新CVC置入数量在新发患者中略有增加,但在长期患者中从2006年的64.8降至2010年的55.2。使用CVC的治疗天数百分比在新发患者中保持稳定(70.4%-74.3%),但在长期患者中从2006年的26.1%降至2010年的16.5%。新发患者中CVC的平均使用时长在2006年为53.0天(标准差,27.8),在2009年为54.1天(标准差,28.1),长期患者在2006年为158.9天(标准差,123.0),在2010年为128.1天(标准差,112.0)。“CathAway计划”显著减少了长期血液透析患者的CVC使用。减少新发患者的使用将需要改善透析前护理。