糖尿病青少年的建成食物环境与体重指数和腰围的关联。
Associations of built food environment with body mass index and waist circumference among youth with diabetes.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
出版信息
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012 Jun 29;9:81. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-81.
BACKGROUND
Youth with diabetes are at increased risk for obesity and cardiovascular disease complications. However, less is known about the influence of built food environment on health outcomes in this population. The aim of this study was to explore the associations of accessibility and availability of supermarkets and fast food outlets with Body Mass Index (BMI) z-score and waist circumference among youth with diabetes.
METHODS
Information on residential location and adiposity measures (BMI z-score and waist circumference) for 845 youths with diabetes residing in South Carolina was obtained from the South Carolina site of the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. Food outlets data obtained from the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control and InfoUSA were merged based on names and addresses of the outlets. The comprehensive data on franchised supermarket and fast food outlets was then used to construct three accessibility and availability measures around each youth's residence.
RESULTS
Increased number and density of chain supermarkets around residence location were associated with lower BMI z-score and waist circumference among youth with diabetes. For instance, for a female child of 10 years of age with height of 54.2 inches and weight of 70.4 pounds, lower supermarket density around residence location was associated with about 2.8-3.2 pounds higher weight, when compared to female child of same age, height and weight with highest supermarket density around residence location. Similarly, lower supermarket density around residence location was associated with a 3.5-3.7 centimeter higher waist circumference, when compared to residence location with the highest supermarket density. The associations of number and density of chain fast food outlets with adiposity measures, however, were not significant. No significant associations were observed between distance to the nearest supermarket and adiposity measures. However, contrary to our expectation, increased distance to the nearest fast food outlet was associated with higher BMI z-score, but not with waist circumference.
CONCLUSIONS
Food environments conducive to healthy eating may significantly influence health behaviors and outcomes. Efforts to increase the availability of supermarkets providing options/selections for health-promoting foods may significantly improve the dietary intake and reduce adiposity among youth with diabetes.
背景
患有糖尿病的年轻人肥胖和心血管疾病并发症的风险增加。然而，对于这个人群的健康结果，建筑食品环境的影响知之甚少。本研究的目的是探讨超市和快餐店的可达性和可获得性与患有糖尿病的年轻人的体重指数（BMI）z 分数和腰围之间的关系。
方法
从南卡罗来纳州 SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth 研究的南卡罗来纳州站点获取了 845 名居住在南卡罗来纳州的患有糖尿病的年轻人的居住地点和肥胖测量（BMI z 分数和腰围）信息。根据各门店的名称和地址，将从南卡罗来纳州卫生与环境控制部和 InfoUSA 获取的食品门店数据合并。然后，使用综合的特许经营超市和快餐店数据，围绕每个年轻人的住所构建了三个可达性和可获得性指标。
结果
住所周围连锁超市数量和密度的增加与糖尿病青少年的 BMI z 分数和腰围降低有关。例如，对于身高 54.2 英寸、体重 70.4 磅的 10 岁女性儿童，与住所周围超市密度最高的女性儿童相比，住所周围超市密度较低与体重增加约 2.8-3.2 磅有关。同样，与住所周围超市密度最高的女性儿童相比，住所周围超市密度较低与腰围增加 3.5-3.7 厘米有关。然而，连锁快餐店数量和密度与肥胖指标的关系并不显著。最近的超市与肥胖指标之间也没有显著的关联。然而，与我们的预期相反，距离最近的快餐店的距离增加与 BMI z 分数增加有关，但与腰围无关。
结论
有利于健康饮食的食品环境可能会显著影响健康行为和结果。增加提供健康促进食品选择的超市的可获得性可能会显著改善糖尿病青少年的饮食摄入并降低肥胖率。
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