瑞典一家动物医院中接受手术治疗的犬类及其所处环境中耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌的出现情况。
Occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci in surgically treated dogs and the environment in a Swedish animal hospital.
作者信息
Bergström A, Gustafsson C, Leander M, Fredriksson M, Grönlund U, Trowald-Wigh G
机构信息
University Animal Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
出版信息
J Small Anim Pract. 2012 Jul;53(7):404-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2012.01238.x.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate whether hospitalised dogs treated surgically may become culture positive for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
METHODS
Surgically treated dogs (n=45) were sampled for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on admission, before and after surgery and at the time of removal of surgical stitches. The hospital environment (n=57), including healthy dogs in the veterinary hospital environment (n=34), were sampled for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Genetic variations among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates were identified through detection of restriction fragment polymorphisms.
RESULTS
No dogs developed a wound infection due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, there was a significant increase in the number of dogs carrying methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius after hospitalisation compared to admission (P<0·001). No methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from dogs, but was present in the environment. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates were recovered from environmental surfaces and hospitalised animals, but not from healthy dogs. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates representing nine different restriction endonuclease digestion patterns were found, with two of these occurring in both the environment and on dogs.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Dogs may contract methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in association with surgery and hospitalisation. Resistant bacteria may be transmitted between dogs, staff and the environment. Dogs colonised with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius may be a source for hospital- and community-acquired infections.
目的
调查接受手术治疗的住院犬是否会出现耐甲氧西林中间型葡萄球菌或耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌培养阳性。
方法
对接受手术治疗的犬（n = 45）在入院时、手术前后以及拆除手术缝线时采集样本，检测耐甲氧西林中间型葡萄球菌或耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌。对医院环境（n = 57），包括兽医医院环境中的健康犬（n = 34），采集耐甲氧西林中间型葡萄球菌或耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌样本。通过检测限制性片段多态性来鉴定耐甲氧西林中间型葡萄球菌或耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌分离株之间的基因变异。
结果
没有犬因耐甲氧西林中间型葡萄球菌或耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌发生伤口感染。然而，与入院时相比，住院后携带耐甲氧西林中间型葡萄球菌的犬数量显著增加（P<0·001）。未从犬中分离出耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌，但在环境中存在。从环境表面和住院动物中分离出了耐甲氧西林中间型葡萄球菌分离株，但未从健康犬中分离出。发现了代表九种不同限制性内切酶消化模式的耐甲氧西林中间型葡萄球菌分离株，其中两种在环境和犬中均有出现。
临床意义
犬可能在手术和住院期间感染耐甲氧西林中间型葡萄球菌。耐药菌可能在犬、工作人员和环境之间传播。携带耐甲氧西林中间型葡萄球菌的犬可能是医院获得性感染和社区获得性感染的来源。
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