New England Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, MA, USA.
Am J Med. 2012 Sep;125(9):937.e1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.10.028. Epub 2012 Jun 27.
Cardiac rehabilitation improves function and compliance and also reduces morbidity and mortality in female and male cardiovascular disease patients but remains significantly underutilized. At every age, and especially in their senior years, female cardiovascular disease patients are under-referred relative to men. Lack of standardized referral processes, misconceptions by physicians and patients, and idiosyncrasies of female pathophysiology contribute to this pattern. Moreover, confounding factors of age, socioeconomic status, and sex-specific roles and responsibilities exacerbate the problem. This review summarizes barriers to cardiac rehabilitation for female cardiac patients, and highlights opportunities for increased participation and benefit.
心脏康复可改善女性和男性心血管疾病患者的功能和依从性，降低发病率和死亡率，但利用率仍然明显较低。在每个年龄段，尤其是在老年时期，女性心血管疾病患者的转诊率都低于男性。缺乏标准化的转诊流程、医生和患者的误解以及女性病理生理学的特殊性是造成这种模式的原因。此外，年龄、社会经济地位以及性别特定角色和责任等混杂因素使问题更加严重。本文综述了女性心脏患者心脏康复的障碍，并强调了增加参与和获益的机会。
