Toril Barrera Pilar, Mayas Arellano Julia, Reales Avilés José M, Ballesteros Jiménez Soledad
Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid.
Psicothema. 2012;24(3):345-51.
In this study, we investigated the effect of aging on two implicit memory tasks, word-stem completion and category generation, and on explicit recognition. We compared the performance of young and older adults on these implicit memory tasks with those of explicit recognition. We expected better performance of young than older adults in the explicit memory task and similar priming in both implicit memory tasks. The results showed that young adults performed better than older adults in the recognition task. Moreover, both age groups showed priming in the implicit memory tasks, although priming was greater in young adults compared to older adults in the word-stem completion memory task, whereas both age groups showed similar levels of priming in the category generation task. The present results showed dissociations as a function of age not only between the explicit and the implicit tasks but also between the implicit tasks.
在本研究中，我们调查了衰老对两项内隐记忆任务（词干补全和类别生成）以及外显识别的影响。我们将年轻人和老年人在这些内隐记忆任务上的表现与外显识别任务的表现进行了比较。我们预计年轻人在外显记忆任务中的表现优于老年人，并且在两项内隐记忆任务中启动效应相似。结果表明，年轻人在识别任务中的表现优于老年人。此外，两个年龄组在内隐记忆任务中均表现出启动效应，尽管在词干补全记忆任务中，年轻人的启动效应比老年人更大，而在类别生成任务中，两个年龄组的启动效应水平相似。目前的结果表明，不仅在外显任务和内隐任务之间，而且在内隐任务之间，均存在随年龄变化的分离现象。
