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[焦虑症之间的社会人口统计学、临床和结局差异]

[Sociodemographic, clinical and outcome differences among anxiety disorders].

作者信息

Bernaldo-de-Quirós Mónica, Estupiñá Francisco J, Labrador Francisco J, Fernández-Arias Ignacio, Gómez Laura, Blanco Carmen, Alonso Pablo

机构信息

Universidad Complutense de Madrid.

出版信息

Psicothema. 2012;24(3):396-401.

Abstract

The aims of this paper are to analyze differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics among the various anxiety disorders treated in a Psychology Clinic, and the results of treatment in each anxiety disorder. Data from 282 patients of University Psychology Clinic at the Complutense University of Madrid, who had at least one diagnosis of anxiety according to DMS-IV-TR criteria, were analyzed. The most frequent anxiety disorders were nonspecific anxiety disorder (19.1%) and social phobia (18.8%). Significant differences were observed according to sex (in all disorders, the percentage of women was significantly higher than that of men, except for obsessive-compulsive disorder). Unspecific anxiety disorder required a smaller number of assessment and treatment sessions, whereas obsessive-compulsive disorder required a greater number of sessions. There were no significant differences between the percentage of patients who completed treatment and dropout rates in specific phobia, general anxiety disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Differences between epidemiological and clinical data are discussed.

摘要

本文旨在分析在一家心理诊所接受治疗的各类焦虑症患者在社会人口学和临床特征方面的差异,以及每种焦虑症的治疗结果。对马德里康普顿斯大学心理诊所的282名患者的数据进行了分析,这些患者根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版修订版(DMS-IV-TR)标准至少被诊断出有一种焦虑症。最常见的焦虑症是非特异性焦虑症(19.1%)和社交恐惧症(18.8%)。根据性别观察到显著差异(在所有疾病中,除强迫症外,女性的比例均显著高于男性)。非特异性焦虑症所需的评估和治疗疗程较少,而强迫症所需的疗程较多。在特定恐惧症、广泛性焦虑症和强迫症中,完成治疗的患者百分比与退出率之间没有显著差异。文中讨论了流行病学和临床数据之间的差异。

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