Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Environ Res. 2012 Oct;118:130-6. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.05.012. Epub 2012 Jun 27.
High-level occupational radon exposure is an established risk factor for lung cancer. We assessed the long-term association between residential radon and lung cancer risk using a prospective Danish cohort using 57,053 persons recruited during 1993-1997. We followed each cohort member for cancer occurrence until 27 June 2006, identifying 589 lung cancer cases. We traced residential addresses from 1 January 1971 until 27 June 2006 and calculated radon at each of these addresses using information from central databases regarding geology and house construction. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for lung cancer risk associated with residential radon exposure with and without adjustment for sex, smoking variables, education, socio-economic status, occupation, body mass index, air pollution and consumption of fruit and alcohol. Potential effect modification by sex, traffic-related air pollution and environmental tobacco smoke was assessed. Median estimated radon was 35.8 Bq/m(3). The adjusted IRR for lung cancer was 1.04 (95% CI: 0.69-1.56) in association with a 100 Bq/m(3) higher radon concentration and 1.67 (95% CI: 0.69-4.04) among non-smokers. We found no evidence of effect modification. We find a positive association between radon and lung cancer risk consistent with previous studies but the role of chance cannot be excluded as these associations were not statistically significant. Our results provide valuable information at the low-level radon dose range.
高水平职业氡暴露是肺癌的既定危险因素。我们使用前瞻性丹麦队列评估了住宅氡与肺癌风险之间的长期关联，该队列在 1993 年至 1997 年期间招募了 57053 人。我们跟踪每个队列成员的癌症发生情况，直至 2006 年 6 月 27 日，共确定了 589 例肺癌病例。我们从 1971 年 1 月 1 日到 2006 年 6 月 27 日追踪了住宅地址，并使用关于地质和房屋建筑的中央数据库中的信息计算了每个地址的氡含量。使用 Cox 比例风险模型估计了与住宅氡暴露相关的肺癌风险的发病率比（IRR）和 95%置信区间（CI），同时调整了性别、吸烟变量、教育、社会经济地位、职业、体重指数、空气污染和水果与酒精的摄入。评估了性别、与交通相关的空气污染和环境烟草烟雾的潜在效应修饰作用。估计的氡中位数为 35.8 Bq/m(3)。调整后的 IRR 为 1.04（95%CI：0.69-1.56），与每增加 100 Bq/m(3)的氡浓度相关，与不吸烟者的 1.67（95%CI：0.69-4.04）相关。我们没有发现修饰作用的证据。我们发现氡与肺癌风险之间存在正相关，与之前的研究一致，但由于这些关联没有统计学意义，不能排除机会的作用。我们的结果在低水平氡剂量范围内提供了有价值的信息。
