Department of Nursing, Kwandong University, 522 Naegok-dong, Gangreung, Gangwon do 210-701, South Korea.
Vaccine. 2012 Aug 3;30(36):5327-34. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.040. Epub 2012 Jun 28.
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rate in Korea is very low because a school-based HPV vaccination program has not yet been introduced. This study was designed to assess HPV knowledge, compare the health beliefs toward HPV vaccination and intention to recommend HPV vaccination for girls and boys, and identify the factors influencing the intention to recommend HPV vaccination for girls and boys among Korean health teachers. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed, in which 757 health teachers who worked at elementary, middle, high, and special schools in Korea participated via an online survey. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was applied, which included items on sociodemographics, HPV awareness, HPV knowledge, perceived benefits, susceptibility, severity, and barriers toward HPV vaccination for girls and boys, and intention to recommend HPV vaccination for girls and boys. The rate of correct HPV knowledge items ranged from 5.2% to 89.2%; 23.4% of the health teachers answered that they had ever taught about HPV, 97% answered that both boys and girls should receive HPV vaccination, and 47.6% answered that the best time for HPV vaccination is when students are at middle school. There were differences regarding the perceived benefits (Z=-7.69, p<0.001), perceived susceptibility (Z=-3.37, p=0.001), perceived severity (Z=-4.13, p<0.001), and perceived barriers (Z=-4.90, p<0.001) toward HPV vaccination, and regarding intention to recommend HPV vaccination (Z=-15.21, p<0.001) for girls and boys. Factors associated with the intention to recommend HPV vaccination for girls were the HPV vaccination status of the health teachers' children [odds ratio (OR)=4.24, 95% confidence interval (95% CI)=1.14-15.72], and the teachers' Pap-test experience (OR=2.50, 95% CI=1.05-5.91), perceived benefits (OR=3.30, 95% CI=1.26-7.40), perceived susceptibility (OR=3.25, 95% CI=1.58-6.68), and perceived barriers (OR=0.51, 95% CI=0.30-0.99); these factors for boys were the health teachers' career duration (OR=1.61, 95% CI=1.12-2.32), HPV knowledge (OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.01-2.09), perceived benefits (OR=3.46, 95% CI=2.27-5.26), perceived susceptibility (OR=1.55, 95% CI=1.04-2.29), and perceived severity (OR=1.71, 95% CI=1.15-2.56). General awareness of HPV should be increased and more specific information about HPV-including that related to vaccination of boys and men-should be provided for health teachers. Although a school-based HPV vaccine program has yet to be introduced in Korea, health teachers should possess general knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccination, and differences in attitudes and intentions related to HPV vaccination between girls and boys should be reduced.
韩国的人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗接种率非常低，因为尚未引入基于学校的 HPV 疫苗接种计划。本研究旨在评估 HPV 知识，比较健康教师对 HPV 疫苗接种的健康信念和推荐 HPV 疫苗接种的意愿，并确定影响健康教师推荐 HPV 疫苗接种女孩和男孩的因素。本研究采用描述性横断面研究设计，韩国的 757 名从事小学、初中、高中和特殊学校工作的健康教师通过在线调查参与了这项研究。使用自我管理的结构化问卷，包括 HPV 意识、HPV 知识、对 HPV 疫苗接种的益处、易感性、严重程度和障碍的感知，以及对女孩和男孩 HPV 疫苗接种的推荐意愿的项目。正确 HPV 知识项目的比例范围为 5.2%至 89.2%；23.4%的健康教师表示他们曾经教授过 HPV，97%的教师表示男孩和女孩都应该接种 HPV 疫苗，47.6%的教师表示 HPV 疫苗接种的最佳时间是学生在初中。对 HPV 疫苗接种的感知益处（Z=-7.69，p<0.001）、感知易感性（Z=-3.37，p=0.001）、感知严重程度（Z=-4.13，p<0.001）和感知障碍（Z=-4.90，p<0.001）以及对女孩和男孩 HPV 疫苗接种的推荐意愿（Z=-15.21，p<0.001）存在差异。与推荐 HPV 疫苗接种女孩的意愿相关的因素包括健康教师子女的 HPV 疫苗接种状况[比值比（OR）=4.24，95%置信区间（95%CI）=1.14-15.72]和教师的巴氏试验经验（OR=2.50，95%CI=1.05-5.91），对 HPV 疫苗接种的益处（OR=3.30，95%CI=1.26-7.40），对易感性的感知（OR=3.25，95%CI=1.58-6.68）和感知障碍（OR=0.51，95%CI=0.30-0.99）；男孩的相关因素是健康教师的职业持续时间（OR=1.61，95%CI=1.12-2.32）、HPV 知识（OR=1.45，95%CI=1.01-2.09）、对益处的感知（OR=3.46，95%CI=2.27-5.26）、对易感性的感知（OR=1.55，95%CI=1.04-2.29）和对严重程度的感知（OR=1.71，95%CI=1.15-2.56）。应该提高对 HPV 的一般认识，并为健康教师提供更具体的 HPV 信息，包括与男孩和男性疫苗接种相关的信息。尽管韩国尚未引入基于学校的 HPV 疫苗接种计划，但健康教师应该具备 HPV 和 HPV 疫苗接种的一般知识，并减少女孩和男孩之间与 HPV 疫苗接种相关的态度和意愿差异。
