马里兰州严重精神疾病居民样本中的癌症发病率。
Cancer incidence in a sample of Maryland residents with serious mental illness.
机构信息
Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
出版信息
Psychiatr Serv. 2012 Jul;63(7):714-7. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201100169.
OBJECTIVE
Persons with serious mental illness have an increased mortality rate and a higher burden of many medical conditions compared with persons without serious mental illness. Cancer risk in the population with serious mental illness is uncertain, and its incidence was examined by race, sex, and cancer site in a community-based cohort of adults with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
METHODS
The authors calculated standardized incidence ratios of total and site-specific cancers in a cohort of 3,317 Maryland Medicaid adult beneficiaries with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder followed from 1994 through 2004 for comparison with the U.S. population.
RESULTS
Total cancer incidence for adults with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder was 2.6 times higher in the cohort. Elevated risk was greatest for cancer of the lung. No differences in risk were found for African-American versus white Medicaid beneficiaries with serious mental illness.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that there is a heightened risk of cancer among adults with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Clinicians should promote appropriate cancer screening and work to reduce modifiable risk factors, such as smoking, among persons with serious mental illness.
目的
与无严重精神疾病者相比，患有严重精神疾病者的死亡率更高，且更容易患多种疾病。严重精神疾病患者的癌症风险尚不确定，本研究通过对社区中患有精神分裂症或双相情感障碍的成年人进行种族、性别和癌症部位的分析，来检查该人群的癌症发病率。
方法
作者对马里兰州医疗补助计划的 3317 名成年精神分裂症或双相情感障碍患者进行了队列研究，从 1994 年至 2004 年对其进行随访，并与美国人群进行比较，计算了总癌症和特定部位癌症的标准化发病比。
结果
该队列中成年人的总体癌症发病率高出 2.6 倍。肺癌的发病风险最高。在患有严重精神疾病的非裔美国人和白人医疗补助受益人群中，未发现风险差异。
结论
这些发现表明，精神分裂症或双相情感障碍患者的癌症风险增加。临床医生应促进适当的癌症筛查，并努力减少可改变的风险因素，如吸烟，在患有严重精神疾病的人群中。
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