Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Tob Control. 2013 May;22(e1):e57-65. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050282. Epub 2012 Jun 29.
This study assessed the effects of pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) and a linked media campaign in Mexico.
Cross-sectional data were collected from a population-based sample of 1756 adult smokers, aged 18-55 years, during the initial implementation of pictorial HWLs, which some smokers had seen on cigarette packages while others had seen only the text-based HWLs. Exposure to the campaign and pictorial HWLs was assessed with aided recall methods, and other questions addressed attention and cognitive impact of HWLs, knowledge related to HWL and campaign content, and quit-related thoughts and behaviours. Logistic and linear regression models were estimated to determine associations between key outcomes and intervention exposure.
In bivariate and multivariate adjusted models, recall of pictorial HWLs and of the campaign were positively associated with greater attention to and cognitive impact of HWLs, whereas only pictorial HWL exposure was associated with having refrained from smoking due to HWLs. Both recall of pictorial HWLs and of the campaign were independently associated with greater knowledge of secondhand smoke harms and toxic tobacco constituents. Smokers who recalled only the pictorial HWLs were more likely to try to quit than smokers who recalled neither the pictorial HWLs nor the campaign (17% vs 6%, p<0.001).
Consistent with other studies, adult smokers' exposure to new pictorial HWLs in Mexico was associated with psychosocial and behavioural responses related to quit behaviour. Exposure to the complementary media campaign was associated with independent additive effects on campaign-related knowledge, and it enhanced psychosocial responses to pictorial HWLs.
本研究评估了图片健康警示标签（HWL）和相关媒体宣传活动在墨西哥的效果。
在图片 HWL 最初实施期间，从一个基于人群的 1756 名 18-55 岁成年吸烟者样本中收集了横断面数据，其中一些吸烟者在香烟包装上看到了图片 HWL，而另一些则只看到了基于文本的 HWL。使用辅助回忆方法评估了对宣传活动和图片 HWL 的接触情况，其他问题则涉及对 HWL 和宣传内容的关注和认知影响、与 HWL 和宣传内容相关的知识，以及与戒烟相关的想法和行为。使用逻辑和线性回归模型来确定关键结果与干预接触之间的关联。
在单变量和多变量调整模型中，对图片 HWL 和宣传活动的回忆与对 HWL 的关注度和认知影响呈正相关，而只有图片 HWL 的接触与因 HWL 而减少吸烟有关。对图片 HWL 和宣传活动的回忆都与对二手烟危害和有毒烟草成分的更多了解独立相关。回忆起图片 HWL 和宣传活动的吸烟者比既没有回忆起图片 HWL 也没有回忆起宣传活动的吸烟者更有可能试图戒烟（17%对 6%，p<0.001）。
与其他研究一致，墨西哥成年吸烟者接触新的图片 HWL 与与戒烟行为相关的心理社会和行为反应有关。接触补充性媒体宣传活动与与宣传活动相关的知识的独立附加效应有关，并增强了对图片 HWL 的心理社会反应。
