Marquette University, College of Nursing, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2012 Jul;33(7):430-5. doi: 10.3109/01612840.2012.664802.
The population of American elders is increasing rapidly and relocation to retirement communities has been found to adversely affect their adjustment. This pilot study of 38 relocated elders evaluated, from elders' perspectives, six critical parameters of a resourcefulness training (RT) intervention designed to help elders adjust to relocation. Within the context of Zauszniewski's theory of resourcefulness, a pre-/post-test design with random assignment to RT or to diversionary activities (DA) was used. Objective questionnaires measured demographic and relocation factors. An intervention evaluation questionnaire was designed and given to the relocated elders in order to assess the six critical parameters--necessity, acceptability, feasibility, safety, fidelity, and effectiveness. Data concerning the critical parameters were collected during structured interviews within a week after the intervention. Seventy-six of the elders who scored less than 120 in the resourcefulness scale indicated a strong need for RT. While all non-white elders reported needing RT, 43% of white elders reported the same need. Elders indicated that learning about the experiences of others and taking part in discussions were the most interesting part of the RT. Approximately 95% of participants mentioned that they learned all parts of the intervention; few suggested having a stronger leader to keep the group on track. The qualitative findings from this pilot intervention study will inform future, larger clinical trials to help recently relocated elders adjust to relocation.
美国老年人口迅速增加，研究发现，迁移到退休社区会对他们的适应产生不利影响。本研究对 38 名迁移的老年人进行了试点研究，从老年人的角度评估了一项旨在帮助老年人适应迁移的应对技能培训 (RT) 干预的六个关键参数。在 Zauszniewski 的应对技能理论框架内，采用了预/后测试设计，并随机分配到 RT 或转移活动 (DA)。客观问卷测量人口统计学和迁移因素。设计了一份干预评估问卷，并分发给迁移的老年人，以评估六个关键参数——必要性、可接受性、可行性、安全性、保真度和有效性。干预后一周内，通过结构化访谈收集有关关键参数的数据。在应对技能量表中得分低于 120 的 76 名老年人表示非常需要 RT。虽然所有非白人老年人都报告需要 RT，但 43%的白人老年人也有同样的需求。老年人表示，了解他人的经验并参与讨论是 RT 最有趣的部分。大约 95%的参与者提到他们学习了干预的所有部分，很少有人建议有一个更强有力的领导者来引导小组。这项初步干预研究的定性发现将为未来更大规模的临床试验提供信息，以帮助最近迁移的老年人适应迁移。
