Setor de Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2012 Jun;45(3):313-7. doi: 10.1590/s0037-86822012000300007.
Leishmaniasis is an infectious and parasitic zoonotic, non-contagious, vector-borne disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. In Brazil, the major vector of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi (Cunha & Chagas, 1934) is Lutzomyia longipalpis. Barra do Garças, State of Mato Grosso, was designated as a priority area by the Brazilian Ministry of Health for american visceral leishmaniasis, and it is important to identify the vector species present in this municipality. Our objective was to raise sandflies and study the influence of environmental variables on the vector density of Lutzomyia longipalpis.
We performed entomological monitoring in 3 districts using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps and recorded human cases of american visceral leishmaniasis in the city. We calculated the relative frequency and richness of sandflies and applied a transfer function model to the vector density correlate with relative humidity.
The sandfly population was composed of 2 genera and 27 species, totaling 8,097 individuals. Monitoring identified Lutzomyia longipalpis (44%), followed by Lutzomyia lenti (18.9%), Lutzomyia whitmani (13.9%), Lutzomyia carmelinoi (9.1%), Lutzomyia evandroi (5.1%), Lutzomyia termitophila (3.3%), Lutzomyia sordellii (1.9%), and 20 other species (<4%). The male:female ratio was 3.5:1. We observed high species diversity (Dα = 6.65). Lutzomyia longipalpis showed occurrence peaks during the rainy season; there was a temporal correlation with humidity, but not with frequency or temperature.
The presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis in the urban area of Barra do Garças underscores the changing disease profile, which was previously restricted to the wild environment.
利什曼病是一种传染性和寄生虫性人畜共患、非接触性、媒介传播的疾病，由原生动物利什曼属引起。在巴西，主要传播利什曼原虫（Leishmania）婴儿查加斯（Cunha & Chagas，1934）的媒介是长刺舌蝇（Lutzomyia longipalpis）。马托格罗索州的巴拉·多·加尔萨（Barra do Garças）被巴西卫生部指定为美洲内脏利什曼病的重点地区，因此确定该直辖市存在的媒介物种非常重要。我们的目的是收集沙蝇并研究环境变量对长刺舌蝇密度的影响。
我们使用疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的诱捕器在 3 个区进行了昆虫学监测，并记录了该市的美洲内脏利什曼病人类病例。我们计算了沙蝇的相对频率和丰富度，并应用传递函数模型将与相对湿度相关的媒介密度进行了关联。
沙蝇种群由 2 个属和 27 个种组成，共 8097 只。监测结果显示，长刺舌蝇（44%），其次是亮舌蝇（18.9%）、白舌蝇（13.9%）、卡梅尔诺伊舌蝇（9.1%）、埃文德罗舌蝇（5.1%）、地栖舌蝇（3.3%）、斯氏舌蝇（1.9%）和 20 种其他种（<4%）。雌雄比例为 3.5:1。我们观察到高度的物种多样性（Dα=6.65）。长刺舌蝇在雨季出现高峰；与湿度有时间相关性，但与频率或温度没有相关性。
长刺舌蝇在巴拉·多·加尔萨的市区存在，突显了疾病模式的变化，此前该疾病仅限于野外环境。
