Moura Marília Freitas de, Hayashi Ilka, Rocha Daniel Martins, Allemann Norma
Setor de Ultrassonografia Ocular, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP - São Paulo (SP), Brasil.
Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2012 Mar-Apr;75(2):122-5. doi: 10.1590/s0004-27492012000200010.
Ocular trauma is considered a health care problem because is an important cause for visual impairment. Intraocular foreign bodies are related to activities involving usage of metallic objects, but other materials can be present in the eye and have to be diagnosed and localized. Ultrasound biomicroscopy is an adequate subsidiary tool to evaluate an anterior chamber intraocular foreign body.
To characterize nature, localization, dimensions of foreign bodies and associated lesions to the anterior segment using ultrasound biomicroscopy.
Retrospective clinical study of 7,182 patient's charts submitted to ultrasound biomicroscopy examination between 1999 and 2008, totalizing 59 eyes suspected of anterior segment foreign body.
Five cases presented two foreign bodies, fragments from the same nature, in different locations or not; and three cases had uncountable fragments in the anterior segment. Concerning localization: cornea, 11 (26%); conjunctiva, 10 (23%); iris, 10 (23%); lens, 9 (21%); sclera, 5 (12%); corneal angle, 5 (12%); ciliary body, 3 (7%). Among the associated lesions, it was identified: corneal perforation in 12 cases, corneal laceration in 2 cases, anterior synechia in 6 cases, traumatic aniridia 1 case, traumatic iridotomy in 3 cases, anterior chamber reaction in 10 cases and rupture of the anterior lens capsule in 4 cases. Considering composition: metallic, 21 (50%); non metallic, 20 were glass (48%) and 1 was vegetal (2%). The size of foreign bodies varied from 0.09 to 2.45 mm (average: 0.84 mm).
Ultrasound biomicroscopy is useful to localize foreign bodies in the anterior segment. This imaging method can give orientation about composition, path, and localization of foreign bodies and associated lesions, thus facilitating therapeutic planning prior to intervention, avoiding additional lesions to the eye.
眼外伤被视为一个医疗保健问题，因为它是视力损害的一个重要原因。眼内异物与涉及使用金属物体的活动有关，但眼睛中也可能存在其他物质，必须对其进行诊断和定位。超声生物显微镜检查是评估前房眼内异物的一种合适的辅助工具。
使用超声生物显微镜检查来描述异物的性质、定位、尺寸以及前段相关病变。
对1999年至2008年间接受超声生物显微镜检查的7182例患者病历进行回顾性临床研究，共有59只眼疑似前段异物。
5例出现两个异物，性质相同，位于不同位置或相同位置；3例在前段有无数碎片。关于定位：角膜，11例（26%）；结膜，10例（23%）；虹膜，10例（23%）；晶状体，9例（21%）；巩膜，5例（12%）；角膜缘，5例（12%）；睫状体，3例（7%）。在相关病变中，发现：角膜穿孔12例，角膜裂伤2例，前粘连6例，外伤性无虹膜1例，外伤性虹膜切开术3例，前房反应10例，晶状体前囊破裂4例。考虑成分：金属性，21例（50%）；非金属性，20例为玻璃（48%），1例为植物性（2%）。异物大小从0.09至2.45毫米不等（平均：0.84毫米）。
超声生物显微镜检查有助于定位前段异物。这种成像方法可以提供有关异物的成分、路径和定位以及相关病变的信息，从而便于在干预前进行治疗规划，避免对眼睛造成额外损伤。
