McCulloch E A, Minden M D, Curtis J E
Ontario Cancer Institute, Toronto, Canada.
Cancer Surv. 1990;9(1):169-98.
Acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) is a useful model for generalized malignant disease. Haemopoiesis in AML is clonal; a characteristic cell population (blast cells) has been identified and can be grown in culture. The population is organized as a hierarchy, headed by self-renewing stem cells. Several control mechanisms affect the behaviour of these stem cells. Two classes of regulatory receptors are identified that act by ligand-receptor interaction; in one class the receptors are intracellular, in the other they are in the cell membrane. It is proposed that the many regulatory signals received by blast cells contribute to a genetically determined regulatory milieu that sets the probabilities of blast stem cell renewal and differentiation. Interactions have been identified between regulatory mechanisms and the responses of blast stem cells to chemotherapeutic agents. It is suggested that new therapeutic options are emerging, based on the exploitation of regulatory mechanisms in conjunction with chemotherapy.
急性髓细胞白血病（AML）是研究全身性恶性疾病的一种有用模型。AML中的造血是克隆性的；已识别出一种特征性细胞群体（原始细胞），并且可以在培养中生长。该群体呈层级结构组织，由自我更新的干细胞主导。几种控制机制影响这些干细胞的行为。已识别出两类通过配体 - 受体相互作用起作用的调节受体；一类受体位于细胞内，另一类位于细胞膜上。有人提出，原始细胞接收到的许多调节信号促成了一种基因决定的调节环境，该环境设定了原始干细胞更新和分化的概率。已确定调节机制与原始干细胞对化疗药物的反应之间存在相互作用。有人认为，基于利用调节机制并结合化疗，新的治疗选择正在出现。
