Attention, Behavior and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
J Sleep Res. 2013 Feb;22(1):41-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2012.01033.x. Epub 2012 Jul 5.
The present study assessed the association between habitual sleep patterns and one night of PSG measured sleep with daytime sleepiness in children with ADHD and typically developing children. Eighty-two children (26 ADHD, 56 typically developing children), between 7 and 11 years, had nighttime sleep recorded using actigraphy over five nights (habitual sleep patterns) and polysomnography during one night (immediate sleep patterns), both within their home environments. Daytime sleepiness was examined using the multiple sleep latency test within a controlled laboratory setting the following day. Using Spearman correlations, the relationships between mean sleep latencies on the multiple sleep latency test and scores on a modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale with polysomnographic measures of sleep quality and architecture and with actigraphic sleep quality measures were examined. Longer sleep latency, measured using polysomnography and actigraphy, was related to longer mean sleep latencies on the multiple sleep latency test in typically developing participants, whereas actigraphic measures of sleep restlessness (time awake and activity during the night), as well as time in slow-wave sleep, were positively related to mean sleep latency on the multiple sleep latency test in children with ADHD. These results show a differential relationship for children with ADHD and typically developing children between habitual and immediate sleep patterns with daytime sleepiness and suggest that problems initiating and maintaining sleep may be present both in nighttime and daytime sleep.
本研究评估了习惯性睡眠模式与 ADHD 儿童和正常发育儿童一夜 PSG 测量睡眠与日间嗜睡之间的关系。82 名 7 至 11 岁儿童（26 名 ADHD 儿童，56 名正常发育儿童）在家中环境中使用活动记录仪记录了五晚的夜间睡眠（习惯性睡眠模式）和一夜的多导睡眠图（即时睡眠模式）。次日在受控实验室环境中使用多次睡眠潜伏期测试评估日间嗜睡。使用 Spearman 相关性，检查多导睡眠图和活动记录仪测量的睡眠质量和结构的睡眠潜伏期与改良 Epworth 嗜睡量表得分与多导睡眠图和活动记录仪测量的睡眠质量之间的关系。多导睡眠图和活动记录仪测量的较长睡眠潜伏期与正常发育参与者的多导睡眠图平均潜伏期较长相关，而 ADHD 儿童的活动记录仪测量的睡眠不安（夜间清醒和活动时间）以及慢波睡眠时间与多导睡眠图平均潜伏期呈正相关。这些结果表明，ADHD 儿童和正常发育儿童在习惯性和即时睡眠模式与日间嗜睡之间存在差异关系，并表明夜间和日间睡眠中都可能存在入睡和维持睡眠的问题。
