a École de Psychologie, Université Laval , Quebec City , Quebec , Canada.
Behav Sleep Med. 2014;12(1):69-83. doi: 10.1080/15402002.2013.764526. Epub 2013 Mar 8.
The objectives of this study were to characterize the sleep of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), using actigraphy and parental questionnaires, and examine the potentially moderating role of psychostimulant medication and psychiatric comorbidity. Children with ADHD significantly differed from controls on parental and actigraphic measures of sleep, with parental reports indicating more severe sleep disturbances, and actigraphic recordings of longer sleep onset latency, lower sleep efficiency, and lower total sleep time. Both medicated and unmedicated ADHD subgroups differed from the control group on sleep measures, but did not differ from each other. Only the subgroup with comorbid psychiatric symptoms differed from the control group on actigraphic measures. The presence of psychiatric comorbidity, but not psychostimulant medication use, was associated with more severe sleep disturbances. The main implication of these findings is that clinicians should systematically attend to sleep disturbances in children with ADHD, particularly when other psychiatric symptoms are also present.
本研究旨在通过活动记录仪和家长问卷来描述注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的睡眠特征，并探讨精神兴奋剂药物和精神共病的潜在调节作用。与对照组相比，ADHD 儿童在家长和活动记录仪评估的睡眠方面存在显著差异，家长报告显示睡眠障碍更严重，活动记录仪记录的入睡潜伏期更长、睡眠效率更低、总睡眠时间更短。接受药物治疗和未接受药物治疗的 ADHD 亚组在睡眠测量方面与对照组存在差异，但彼此之间无差异。只有合并精神症状的亚组在活动记录仪测量方面与对照组存在差异。精神共病的存在，而不是精神兴奋剂药物的使用，与更严重的睡眠障碍有关。这些发现的主要意义在于，临床医生应该系统地关注 ADHD 儿童的睡眠障碍，尤其是当存在其他精神症状时。
