Boix Vicent, Bohme Susanna R
Tierra Ciudadana-Charles Leopold Mayer Foundation, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain.
Int J Occup Environ Health. 2012 Apr-Jun;18(2):154-61. doi: 10.1179/1077352512Z.00000000010.
Since the 1980s, banana workers from Central America and elsewhere have filed cases in the United States for sterility damages caused by exposure to the nematicide dibromochloropropane (DBCP) used during the 1960s and 1970s. These plaintiffs' efforts at holding fruit and chemical corporations accountable have been met with numerous obstacles. Many cases have been dismissed on the grounds that they would "more conveniently" be tried elsewhere, despite the fact that significant barriers exist to bringing such cases in many of these workers' home countries. Using this strategy, defendants including Dole Food, Chiquita, Dow and Shell Chemical have been mostly successful in avoiding any penalty for their part in exposing banana workers to DBCP without adequate protection or information. In fact, although a few cases have settled, the first DBCP case did not reach the trial stage until 2007. In that case, the damages awarded to the six Nicaraguan banana workers were $5 million, an amount later reduced to $2·3 million. In 2010, Dole successfully sought to dismiss not only that case, but other cases brought by Nicaraguan plaintiffs. The company claimed that there was evidence of widespread fraud among Nicaraguan plaintiffs, attorneys, and judges, as well as lawyers based in the US. However, many of those accused of fraud did not have a chance to respond to those allegations or cross-examine their accusers. In addition, allegations of fraudulent behavior on the part defendants suggest that the story is more complicated. Instead of dismissing these cases--a defacto victory for the defendant--US courts should move forward with deciding these cases on their own merits; leaving juries to determine the veracity of plaintiffs and defendants' claims.
自20世纪80年代以来,来自中美洲及其他地区的香蕉种植工人在美国提起诉讼,指控他们因在20世纪60年代和70年代接触杀线虫剂二溴氯丙烷(DBCP)而导致不育。这些原告要求水果和化工公司承担责任的努力遭遇了诸多阻碍。许多案件被驳回,理由是在其他地方“更方便”进行审判,尽管事实上在许多这些工人的祖国提起此类案件存在重大障碍。通过这种策略,包括都乐食品公司、金吉达公司、陶氏化学公司和壳牌化学公司在内的被告在很大程度上成功避免了因让香蕉种植工人在没有充分保护或信息的情况下接触DBCP而受到任何处罚。事实上,尽管有一些案件达成了和解,但第一起DBCP案件直到2007年才进入审判阶段。在那起案件中,判给六名尼加拉瓜香蕉种植工人的损害赔偿金为500万美元,后来减至230万美元。2010年,都乐公司成功地不仅要求驳回该案件,还要求驳回尼加拉瓜原告提起的其他案件。该公司声称,有证据表明尼加拉瓜原告、律师、法官以及美国的律师存在广泛的欺诈行为。然而,许多被指控欺诈的人没有机会回应这些指控或对指控者进行交叉询问。此外,被告方存在欺诈行为的指控表明情况更为复杂。美国法院不应驳回这些案件——这实际上是被告的胜利——而应根据案件本身的是非曲直继续进行裁决;让陪审团来判定原告和被告主张的真实性。