Otolaryngology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Sleep Med. 2012 Aug;13(7):859-63. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2012.04.004. Epub 2012 Jul 2.
To analyze nasal inflammation in a group of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) by means of nasal cytology and to describe the changes induced by continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) treatment.
Thirty-two consecutive patients affected by OSAS (mean age 46.9 years) and 13 control subjects (mean age 49.1 years) were enrolled. Detailed clinical, laboratory, and polysomnographic studies were obtained in all participants and, in particular, nasal cytology was performed; inflammatory cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, lymphocytes), bacteria, and spores were counted. A subgroup of 19 OSAS patients underwent regular nasal CPAP for eight weeks while the remaining 13 were noncompliant. Nasal cytology was repeated after eight weeks in all patients and controls.
All patients with OSAS were affected by some form of rhinopathy, mostly subclinical, which was not found to influence compliance to CPAP. Regular CPAP treatment induced a significant reduction of cell infiltration (neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and muciparous cells), which was not seen in nontreated patients.
Nasal inflammation/infection is a very frequent finding in OSAS and can be reverted by the regular use of CPAP.
通过鼻细胞学分析来研究一组阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患者的鼻腔炎症，并描述持续气道正压通气（CPAP）治疗引起的变化。
共纳入 32 例连续的 OSAS 患者（平均年龄 46.9 岁）和 13 例对照组受试者（平均年龄 49.1 岁）。所有参与者均进行了详细的临床、实验室和多导睡眠图研究，特别是进行了鼻细胞学检查；计数炎性细胞（中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、淋巴细胞）、细菌和孢子。19 例 OSAS 患者接受定期 CPAP 治疗 8 周，而其余 13 例则不配合。所有患者和对照组在 8 周后均重复进行鼻细胞学检查。
所有 OSAS 患者均存在某种形式的鼻病，大多数为亚临床疾病，且未发现其影响 CPAP 的依从性。定期 CPAP 治疗可显著减少细胞浸润（中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和粘液细胞），而未接受治疗的患者则未见此现象。
鼻腔炎症/感染在 OSAS 中非常常见，可通过定期使用 CPAP 得到逆转。
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