Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Vet Parasitol. 2012 Nov 23;190(1-2):87-94. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.06.001. Epub 2012 Jun 15.
The tapeworm responsible for equine colic, Anoplocephala perfoliata, is considered the most common intestinal tapeworm of horses worldwide. However, there is evidence that Anoplocephala magna has a similar prevalence in North America and Spain, and possibly in other countries, highlighting the need for diagnostic methods capable of distinguishing between these two species. Currently, immunodiagnosis of A. perfoliata is based on the identification of the 12/13 kDa excretory/secretory (E/S) A. perfoliata immunoreactive antigen, which while apparently specific, has never been tested in sera from A. magna-positive horses. Accordingly, we evaluated the specificity of 12/13 kDa E/S A. perfoliata antigen for the first time by testing this crude antigen against A. magna-positive sera in Western blot. In addition, we characterized a somatic (Som) crude antigen of A. perfoliata and for the first time, the E/S and Som crude antigens of A. magna, evaluating their potential utility for the differential serodiagnosis of equine anoplocephalosis in sera from horses of known parasitic status. SDS-PAGE revealed major low MW bands at: 14 and 12 kDa for E/S and Som-A. magna; 14 and 11 kDa for E/S A. perfoliata; and 11 and 10 kDa for Som-A. perfoliata. Protein regions at 12-14 kDa (E/S A. perfoliata), 10-15 kDa (Som-A. perfoliata) and 10-12 kDa (Som-A. magna) were recognized by Anoplocephala-positive sera at the genus but not the species level. These findings demonstrate cross-reactivity of these unpurified antigenic components, precluding their use in differential diagnosis between A. perfoliata and A. magna. Although these results do not directly indicate cross reactivity at the purified 12/13 kDa component of the E/S A. perfoliata antigen, it is possible that current immunodiagnostic methods based on this component might not accurately differentiate between these two tapeworm species, suggesting erroneous diagnosis of A. perfoliata in areas where A. magna is present.
导致马疝痛的带绦虫，细粒棘球绦虫，被认为是全世界马最常见的肠道带绦虫。然而，有证据表明，巨粒棘球绦虫在北美的流行程度与西班牙相似，也可能在其他国家相似，这突出了需要能够区分这两种物种的诊断方法。目前，细粒棘球绦虫的免疫诊断基于鉴定 12/13 kDa 排泄/分泌（E/S）细粒棘球绦虫免疫反应性抗原，虽然该抗原显然是特异性的，但从未在巨粒棘球绦虫阳性马的血清中进行过测试。因此，我们首次通过 Western blot 用这种粗抗原检测巨粒棘球绦虫阳性血清，评估了 12/13 kDa E/S 细粒棘球绦虫抗原的特异性。此外，我们还对细粒棘球绦虫的体（Som）粗抗原进行了鉴定，这是首次对巨粒棘球绦虫的 E/S 和 Som 粗抗原进行了鉴定，评估了它们在已知寄生虫状态的马血清中对马颚口线虫病的差异血清学诊断的潜在用途。SDS-PAGE 显示 E/S 和 Som-巨粒棘球绦虫的主要低 MW 带为：14 和 12 kDa；E/S 细粒棘球绦虫为 14 和 11 kDa；Som-细粒棘球绦虫为 11 和 10 kDa。在属水平而非种水平上，抗颚口线虫血清识别 12-14 kDa（E/S 细粒棘球绦虫）、10-15 kDa（Som-细粒棘球绦虫）和 10-12 kDa（Som-巨粒棘球绦虫）的蛋白区域。这些发现表明这些未纯化的抗原成分存在交叉反应性，排除了它们在细粒棘球绦虫和巨粒棘球绦虫之间的差异诊断中的应用。尽管这些结果并没有直接表明 E/S 细粒棘球绦虫抗原的纯化 12/13 kDa 成分存在交叉反应性，但目前基于该成分的免疫诊断方法可能无法准确地区分这两种带绦虫，这表明在存在巨粒棘球绦虫的地区，对细粒棘球绦虫的诊断可能存在错误。
