Waszkiewicz Napoleon, Zalewska-Szajda Beata, Zalewska Anna, Waszkiewicz Magdalena, Szajda Sławomir Dariusz, Repka Bernadeta, Szulc Agata, Kępka Alina, Minarowska Alina, Chojnowska Sylwia, Konarzewska Beata, Ładny Jerzy Robert, Kowzan Urszula, Zwierz Krzysztof
Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2012 Jul 4;50(2):248-54. doi: 10.5603/fhc.2012.0024.
Salivary lactoferrin is a glycoprotein involved in the elimination of pathogens and the prevention of massive overgrowth of microorganisms that affect oral and general health. A high concentration of lactoferrin in saliva is often considered to be a marker of damage to the salivary glands, gingivitis, or leakage through inflamed or damaged oral mucosa, infiltrated particularly by neutrophils. We conducted a study to determine the effect of chronic alcohol intoxication on salivary lactoferrin concentration and output. The study included 30 volunteers consisting of ten non-smoking male patients after chronic alcohol intoxication (group A), and 20 control nonsmoking male social drinkers (group C) with no history of alcohol abuse. Resting whole saliva was collected 24 to 48 hours after a chronic alcohol intoxication period. Lactoferrin was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For all participants, the DMFT index (decayed, missing, or filled teeth), gingival index (GI) and papilla bleeding index (PBI) were assessed. The differences between groups were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test. We noticed significantly decreased salivary flow (SF) in alcohol dependent patients after chronic alcohol intoxication (A), compared to the control group (C). Although there was no significant difference in salivary lactoferrin concentration between the alcohol dependent group A and the control group C, we found significantly decreased lactoferrin output in group A compared to group C. We found a significant correlation between the amount of daily alcohol use and a decrease in lactoferrin output. There was a significant increase in GI and a tendency of PBI to increase in group A compared to group C. We demonstrated that chronic alcohol intoxication decreases SF and lactoferrin output. The decreased lactoferrin output in persons chronically intoxicated by alcohol may be the result of lactoferrin exhaustion during drinking (due to its alcohol-related lower biosynthesis or higher catabolism) or to decreased function of neutrophils affected by the ethanol. The poorer periodontal state in alcohol dependent persons compared to controls may be a result of lower salivary flow and decreased protection of the oral cavity by lactoferrin.
唾液乳铁蛋白是一种糖蛋白，参与病原体的清除以及预防影响口腔和全身健康的微生物大量过度生长。唾液中高浓度的乳铁蛋白通常被认为是唾液腺损伤、牙龈炎或通过发炎或受损的口腔黏膜（特别是被中性粒细胞浸润）渗漏的标志物。我们进行了一项研究，以确定慢性酒精中毒对唾液乳铁蛋白浓度和分泌量的影响。该研究包括30名志愿者，其中10名是慢性酒精中毒后的非吸烟男性患者（A组），20名是无酒精滥用史的对照非吸烟男性社交饮酒者（C组）。在慢性酒精中毒期过后24至48小时收集静息全唾液。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法评估乳铁蛋白。对所有参与者评估DMFT指数（龋、失、补牙数）、牙龈指数（GI）和龈乳头出血指数（PBI）。使用曼-惠特尼U检验评估组间差异。我们注意到，与对照组（C组）相比，慢性酒精中毒后的酒精依赖患者（A组）唾液流量（SF）显著降低。虽然酒精依赖的A组和对照组C之间唾液乳铁蛋白浓度没有显著差异，但我们发现A组的乳铁蛋白分泌量与C组相比显著降低。我们发现每日饮酒量与乳铁蛋白分泌量的降低之间存在显著相关性。与C组相比，A组的GI显著升高，PBI有升高趋势。我们证明慢性酒精中毒会降低SF和乳铁蛋白分泌量。长期酒精中毒者乳铁蛋白分泌量降低可能是饮酒期间乳铁蛋白耗竭的结果（由于其与酒精相关较低的生物合成或较高的分解代谢），或者是受乙醇影响的中性粒细胞功能降低的结果。与对照组相比，酒精依赖者较差的牙周状况可能是唾液流量降低和乳铁蛋白对口腔保护作用降低的结果。
