School of Social Work, University of Neveda, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-5032, USA.
Soc Work. 2012 Jan;57(1):23-37. doi: 10.1093/sw/swr008.
Homeless individuals with co-occurring disorders (CODs) of severe mental illness and substance use disorder are one of the most vulnerable populations. This article provides practitioners with a framework and strategies for helping this client population. Four components emerged from a literature review: (1) ensuring an effective transition for individuals with CODs from an institution (such as a hospital, foster care, prison, or residential program) into the community, a particularly important component for clients who were previously homeless, impoverished, or at risk of homelessness; (2) increasing the resources of homeless individuals with CODs by helping them apply for government entitlements or supported employment (3) linking homeless individuals to supportive housing, including housing first options as opposed to only treatment first options, and being flexible in meeting their housing needs; and (4) engaging homeless individuals in COD treatment, incorporating modified assertive community treatment, motivational interviewing, cognitive-behavioral therapy, contingency management, and COD specialized self-help groups.
同时患有严重精神疾病和物质使用障碍的无家可归者是最脆弱的人群之一。本文为从业人员提供了一个帮助这一客户群体的框架和策略。文献回顾中出现了四个组成部分：（1）确保患有共病的个人（如医院、寄养、监狱或住宿项目）从机构顺利过渡到社区，这对以前无家可归、贫困或有 homelessness 风险的客户尤为重要；（2）通过帮助他们申请政府权益或支持性就业，增加患有共病的无家可归者的资源；（3）将无家可归者与支持性住房联系起来，包括“先住房，后治疗”的选择，而不是仅提供“先治疗，后住房”的选择，并灵活满足他们的住房需求；（4）使无家可归者参与共病治疗，结合改良的坚定社区治疗、动机性访谈、认知行为疗法、效价管理以及共病专门自助团体。
