Analysis of Field Evaluations Branch, Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, M/S 1811, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA.
Hum Factors. 2012 Jun;54(3):387-95. doi: 10.1177/0018720811403140.
The purpose of this evaluation was to evaluate the causes and costs of slips, trips, and falls (STFs) in a helicopter manufacturing plant.
STFs are a significant portion of the total industry injury burden.
For this study, 4,070 helicopter plant workers who were employed from January 1, 2004, through February 28, 2008, were enrolled. Company records on workers' compensation claims, occupational health first report of injury, and payroll records on hours worked were collected. Cause and source of all injuries, including STFs, were coded for analysis.
During the 4-year study period, there were 2,378 injuries and 226 STFs (46 falls [20%] to a lower level, 117 [52%] falls on the same level, 41 [18%] from loss of balance without a fall, and 22 [10%] from other events). Of the 226 STFs, 123 falls to the same level were caused by slippery substances (52), objects on floor (43), and surface hazards (28), and they cost $1,543,946. Falls to lower levels primarily involved access to stands to and from aircraft and falling off large machines.
More than half of the STF injury claims likely could have been prevented by housekeeping and maintenance, and this cost saving could reasonably offset a considerable portion of the cost of prevention. Training and stand modifications could be considered to prevent falls from elevation from stands, machines, and aircraft.
Recommendations for STF prevention are discussed.
本次评估旨在分析直升机制造厂内滑倒、绊倒和坠落（STFs）事故的原因和成本。
STFs 是造成行业整体伤害的重要原因之一。
本研究共纳入了 2004 年 1 月 1 日至 2008 年 2 月 28 日期间在直升机制造厂工作的 4070 名员工。研究收集了员工工伤保险索赔、职业健康首次伤害报告和工作时间的工资记录。对所有伤害（包括 STFs）的原因和来源进行了编码分析。
在 4 年的研究期间，共发生 2378 起伤害事故和 226 起 STFs（46 起跌倒至较低水平[20%]，117 起跌倒至同一水平[52%]，41 起失去平衡但未跌倒[18%]，22 起其他事件[10%]）。在这 226 起 STFs 中，有 123 起跌倒至同一水平是由滑溜物质（52 起）、地板上的物体（43 起）和表面危险（28 起）引起的，导致的损失为 1543946 美元。较低水平的跌倒主要涉及进出飞机的通道和从大型机器上坠落。
超过一半的 STF 伤害事故本可以通过清洁和维护来预防，而这种节省下来的成本可以合理地抵消预防成本的相当一部分。可以考虑培训和改进站位以防止从站位、机器和飞机上坠落。
讨论了 STF 预防的建议。
