Centre for Sport Research, Chelsea School of Sport, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK.
Lancet. 2012 Jul 7;380(9836):65-71. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60831-9.
Paralympic medicine describes the health-care issues of those 4500 or so athletes who gather every 4 years to compete in 20 sports at the Summer Paralympic Games and in five sports at the Winter Paralympic Games. Paralympic athletes compete within six impairment groups: amputation or limb deficiencies, cerebral palsy, spinal cord-related disability, visual impairment, intellectual impairment, or a range of physically impairing disorders that do not fall into the other classification categories, known as les autres. The variety of impairments, many of which are severe, fluctuating, or progressive disorders (and are sometimes rare), makes maintenance of health in thousands of Paralympians while they undertake elite competition an unusual demand on health-care resources. The increased physical fitness of athletes with disabilities has important implications for cardiovascular risk reduction in a population for whom the prevalence of risk factors can be high.
残奥会医学描述了每四年聚集在一起参加夏季残奥会 20 项运动和冬季残奥会 5 项运动的约 4500 名运动员的医疗保健问题。残奥会运动员在六个残疾组别内进行比赛：截肢或肢体缺陷、脑瘫、脊髓相关残疾、视力障碍、智力障碍，或一系列不属于其他分类类别的身体障碍，称为其他。由于存在多种残疾，其中许多是严重、波动或进行性障碍（有时还很罕见），因此，在数以千计的残奥运动员参加精英比赛时，维持他们的健康对医疗保健资源提出了特殊要求。残疾运动员身体素质的提高对降低该人群心血管风险具有重要意义，因为该人群的危险因素患病率可能很高。
