National Forest Centre, Forest Research Institute Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 22, Zvolen, Slovakia.
J Environ Manage. 2013 Sep;127 Suppl:S65-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.06.005. Epub 2012 Jul 6.
Nature protection as a policy sector is not isolated and is directly or indirectly influenced by many other sectors (e.g. forestry, water management, rural development, energy, etc.). These policy sectors are neither completely segmented nor unaffected by the decisions taken in other policy sectors. Policy formulation in nature protection is therefore also influenced by different sectors. For that reason it is inevitable to stress the need for inter-sectoral coordination to assure their policy coherence. The aim of this article is to describe the mechanism and modes of cross-sectoral coordination and to analyze the relevant actors and their interaction, using the case of the Natura 2000 formulation process in Slovakia. The European Union (EU) set up an ecological network of special protected areas, known as Natura 2000 to ensure biodiversity by conserving natural habitats and wild fauna and flora in the territory of the Member States. An optimized nature protection must therefore carefully consider existing limits and crossdisciplinary relationships at the EU, national and regional levels. The relations between forestry and biodiversity protection are analyzed using the advocacy coalition framework (ACF). The ACF is used for analyzing how two coalitions, in this case ecological and forest owners' coalitions, advocate or pursue their beliefs from the nature protection and forestry policy field. The whole process is illustrated at the regional scale on the case study of Natura 2000 sites formulation in the Slovak Republic. For better reliability and validity of research, a combination of various empiric research methods was used, supported by existing theories. So called triangulation of sociological research or triangulation of methods consists of mutual results testing of individual methodological steps through identifying corresponding political-science theories, assessing their formal points using primary and secondary document analysis and assessing their informal points with standardized interviews with experts. We can conclude that adequate cross-sectoral coordination represented by new modes is missing and the formulation of the Natura 2000 network in Slovakia shows deficits resulting from different policy beliefs concerning nature protection and forestry coalition.
自然保护作为一个政策领域并非孤立存在，它直接或间接地受到许多其他领域（如林业、水资源管理、农村发展、能源等）的影响。这些政策领域既不是完全分割的，也不受其他政策领域决策的影响。因此，自然保护政策的制定也受到不同领域的影响。出于这个原因，强调跨部门协调以确保政策一致性是不可避免的。本文的目的是描述跨部门协调的机制和模式，并分析相关行为者及其相互作用，以斯洛伐克的 Natura 2000 制定过程为例。欧盟建立了一个特殊保护区的生态网络，称为 Natura 2000，以通过保护自然栖息地和野生动植物来确保生物多样性。因此，优化的自然保护必须仔细考虑欧盟、国家和地区各级现有的限制和跨学科关系。利用倡导联盟框架（ACF）分析林业和生物多样性保护之间的关系。ACF 用于分析两个联盟（在这种情况下是生态联盟和森林所有者联盟）如何从自然保护和林业政策领域倡导或追求他们的信仰。整个过程在斯洛伐克共和国的 Natura 2000 地点制定案例研究中以区域规模说明。为了提高研究的可靠性和有效性，使用了各种经验研究方法的组合，并辅以现有理论。所谓的社会学研究的三角测量或方法的三角测量包括通过识别相应的政治学理论来相互测试各个方法论步骤的结果，使用主要和次要文件分析来评估它们的形式点，并使用标准化的专家访谈来评估它们的非正式点。我们可以得出结论，缺乏代表新模式的充分跨部门协调，斯洛伐克的 Natura 2000 网络的制定显示出由于自然保护和林业联盟的不同政策信仰而产生的缺陷。
