Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2013 Apr;127(4):287-97. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01902.x. Epub 2012 Jul 7.
To examine and compare the prospective effect of the common mental disorders (CMD) anxiety and depression on duration and recurrence of sickness absence (SA), and to investigate whether the effect of CMD on SA is detectable over time.
Information from a large epidemiological health study (N = 13 436) was linked with official records of SA episodes lasting ≥16 days up to 6 years after participation. Common mental disorders were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Associations were analysed with Cox regression and multinomial logistic regression models controlling for potential covariates.
Comorbid anxiety and depression, and anxiety only were significant risk factors for SA after adjusting for covariates, whilst depression only was not. Anxiety and depression were stronger predictors for longer duration of SA episodes compared with shorter duration and associated with more frequent recurrence of SA. There was a general trend toward the effect of CMD on SA becoming weaker over time; however, the effect of anxiety only on SA remained stable throughout the follow-up.
Common mental disorders are long-lasting predictors of onset, duration and recurrence of SA. Anxiety appears to be a more important contributor to long-term SA than previously described in the literature.
探讨和比较常见精神障碍（CMD）焦虑和抑郁对缺勤（SA）持续时间和复发的预期影响，并调查 CMD 对 SA 的影响是否随时间推移而显现。
一项大型流行病学健康研究（N=13436）的信息与缺勤（持续时间≥16 天，最长 6 年）的官方记录相关联。采用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）评估常见精神障碍。采用 Cox 回归和多分类逻辑回归模型，控制潜在协变量后，对关联进行分析。
在调整了协变量后，共病焦虑和抑郁以及仅焦虑是 SA 的显著危险因素，而仅抑郁不是。与较短持续时间相比，焦虑和抑郁是 SA 持续时间较长的更强预测因素，且与 SA 更频繁的复发相关。一般来说，CMD 对 SA 的影响随时间推移而减弱；然而，仅焦虑对 SA 的影响在整个随访期间保持稳定。
常见精神障碍是 SA 发病、持续时间和复发的长期预测因素。与文献中先前描述的相比，焦虑似乎是导致长期 SA 的更重要因素。
