Department of GZW-Public Health, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Eur J Public Health. 2012 Jun;22(3):440-5. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckr102. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
Associations are examined between socio-demographic, medical, work-related and organizational factors and the moment of first return to work (RTW) (within or after 6 weeks of sick leave) and total sick leave duration in sick leave spells due to common mental disorders.
Data are derived from a Dutch database, build to provide reference data for sick leave duration for various medical conditions. The cases in this study were entered in 2004 and 2005 by specially trained occupational health physicians, based on the physician's assessment of medical and other factors. Odds ratios for first RTW and sick leave durations are calculated in logistic regression models.
Burnout, depression and anxiety disorder are associated with longer sick leave duration. Similar, but weaker associations were found for female sex, being a teacher, small company size and moderate or high psychosocial hazard. Distress is associated with shorter sick leave duration. Medical factors, psychosocial hazard and company size are also and analogously associated with first RTW. Part-time work is associated with delayed first RTW. The strength of the associations varies for various factors and for different sick leave durations.
The medical diagnosis has a strong relation with the moment of first RTW and the duration of sick leave spells in mental disorders, but the influence of demographic and work-related factors should not be neglected.
本研究旨在探讨社会人口学、医学、与工作相关和组织因素与首次重返工作岗位（在病假后 6 周内或之后）和因常见精神障碍而休病假的总持续时间之间的关联。
本研究数据来自一个荷兰数据库，该数据库旨在为各种医疗条件的病假持续时间提供参考数据。本研究中的病例是由专门培训的职业健康医生于 2004 年和 2005 年根据医生对医学和其他因素的评估输入的。使用逻辑回归模型计算首次重返工作岗位和病假持续时间的优势比。
倦怠、抑郁和焦虑障碍与病假持续时间较长相关。类似的，但较弱的关联还存在于女性、教师、小公司规模和中度或高度心理社会危害中。痛苦与较短的病假持续时间相关。医学因素、心理社会危害和公司规模也与首次重返工作岗位相关。兼职工作与首次重返工作岗位的延迟相关。各种因素和不同病假持续时间的关联强度不同。
精神障碍患者的医学诊断与首次重返工作岗位的时间和病假持续时间之间存在很强的关系，但不应忽视人口统计学和与工作相关的因素的影响。
