Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55122 Mainz, Germany.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2012 Jul 27;51(31):7640-54. doi: 10.1002/anie.201201084. Epub 2012 Jul 6.
Graphene, an individual two-dimensional, atomically thick sheet of graphite composed of a hexagonal network of sp(2) carbon atoms, has been intensively investigated since its first isolation in 2004, which was based on repeated peeling of highly oriented pyrolyzed graphite (HOPG). The extraordinary electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties of graphene make it a promising candidate for practical applications in electronics, sensing, catalysis, energy storage, conversion, etc. Both the theoretical and experimental studies proved that the properties of graphene are mainly dependent on their geometric structures. Precise control over graphene synthesis is therefore crucial for probing their fundamental physical properties and introduction in promising applications. In this Minireview, we highlight the recent progress that has led to the successful chemical synthesis of graphene with a range of different sizes and chemical compositions based on both top-down and bottom-up strategies.
石墨烯是一种由 sp(2) 杂化碳原子组成的六方网络的单层石墨，自 2004 年首次被分离出来以来，一直受到广泛的研究。其首次分离是基于对高取向热解石墨（HOPG）的反复剥离。石墨烯具有非凡的电子、热和机械性能，使其成为在电子、传感、催化、储能、转换等领域具有应用前景的候选材料。理论和实验研究都证明了石墨烯的性质主要取决于其几何结构。因此，对石墨烯合成的精确控制对于探测其基本物理性质和引入有前途的应用至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们强调了最近的进展，这些进展基于自上而下和自下而上的策略，成功地实现了具有不同尺寸和化学成分的石墨烯的化学合成。
