National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2012 Jul;31(7):1529-36. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2012.0275.
The extraordinary scientific advances made in the past three decades to understand, treat, and prevent HIV infection have contributed to the hope that a world free of AIDS is achievable. The growing armamentarium of scientifically proven interventions-including the use of antiretroviral medications to treat and prevent HIV infection, voluntary medical male circumcision, education and counseling about HIV risk and behavior change, condom use, drug and alcohol treatment, and needle exchange programs for injection drug users-offers an unprecedented opportunity to make major gains in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Combining and implementing these interventions as effectively as possible has the potential to dramatically change the trajectory of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Substantive challenges remain, especially obtaining sufficient funding for HIV-related interventions and developing the operational capacity to deliver them cost-effectively to all in need. If these challenges can be met, the world will have a clear path toward an "AIDS-free generation" in which new HIV infections, as well as illness and death due to AIDS, are increasingly rare.
在过去的三十年中，科学界在理解、治疗和预防 HIV 感染方面取得了非凡的进展，这让人们看到了一个没有艾滋病的世界是可以实现的。越来越多的经过科学验证的干预措施——包括使用抗逆转录病毒药物来治疗和预防 HIV 感染、男性自愿性割礼、关于 HIV 风险和行为改变的教育和咨询、安全套的使用、药物和酒精治疗以及针对注射吸毒者的针具交换项目——为在抗击 HIV/AIDS 方面取得重大进展提供了前所未有的机会。尽可能有效地结合和实施这些干预措施有可能彻底改变 HIV/AIDS 大流行的轨迹。但仍存在实质性挑战，特别是为与 HIV 相关的干预措施获得足够的资金，并发展以具有成本效益的方式将其提供给所有有需要的人的运营能力。如果这些挑战能够得到解决，那么世界将有一条明确的道路通向“艾滋病零感染一代”，新的 HIV 感染以及艾滋病引起的疾病和死亡将越来越罕见。
