Tiwary P K, Kar H K, Sharma P K, Gautam R K, Arora T C, Naik H, Dhir V
Deptt. of skin, STD & leprosy, PGIMER & Dr. R ML Hospital, New Delhi.
Indian J Lepr. 2011 Oct-Dec;83(4):201-8.
This study was done by collecting the retrospective data from 1994 to 2009 of patients attending the urban leprosy centre attached to the department of dermatology, STD & leprosy of PGIMER & Dr. R M L Hospital, New Delhi. The data was analysed according to age, sex, type of leprosy, leprosy reactions, deformities and relapse and compared with the national figures by comparison of proportions after taking the national data per 10,000 population. A total of 3659 patients attended our ULC (Urban Leprosy Centre) among which 2741 were male and 945 females (M:F-3:1). 669 patients (18.2%) were children. The data analysed show a gradual decline in new case detection rate with a marginal rise in 2005 and 2008. Percentage of MB cases was falling consistently till 2005 after which it showed an abrupt rise. The incidence of type 1 reaction varied from 21% in 1994 to 10% in 2009 in PB patients and from 6% in 1994 to 8% in 2009 in MB patients. The trend of type 2 reactions in MB patients showed a slow declining trend. MDT completion rate showed an impressive improvement from 56% in 1994 to 90% in 2009. The number of patients revisiting the ULC with features of relapse also showed a decrease in number. The pattern of visible deformities showed an almost constant trend similar to national figures. Improved MDT completion rate helps in reducing the disease transmission, severity, reactions and disabilities.
本研究通过收集1994年至2009年期间在新德里PGIMER及R M L医院皮肤科、性传播疾病与麻风病科所属城市麻风病中心就诊患者的回顾性数据进行。根据年龄、性别、麻风病类型、麻风反应、畸形和复发情况对数据进行分析，并在获取每10000人口的全国数据后，通过比例比较与全国数据进行对比。共有3659名患者到我们的城市麻风病中心就诊，其中男性2741名，女性945名（男:女 = 3:1）。669名患者（18.2%）为儿童。分析的数据显示新病例发现率逐渐下降，在2005年和2008年略有上升。多菌型病例的百分比在2005年之前持续下降，之后急剧上升。1型反应的发生率在结核样型患者中从1994年的21%变化至2009年的10%，在多菌型患者中从1994年的6%变化至2009年的8%。多菌型患者中2型反应的趋势呈缓慢下降趋势。多药联合化疗完成率从1994年的56%显著提高至2009年的90%。因复发特征再次到城市麻风病中心就诊的患者数量也有所减少。可见畸形的模式显示出与全国数据相似的几乎恒定的趋势。提高多药联合化疗完成率有助于减少疾病传播、严重程度、反应和残疾情况。
