Willcox Mark Dp
School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2012;6:919-24. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S25168. Epub 2012 Jun 18.
Pubmed and Medline were searched for articles referring to Pseudomonas keratitis between the years 2007 and 2012 to obtain an overview of the current state of this disease. Keyword searches used the terms "Pseudomonas" + "Keratitis" limit to "2007-2012", and ["Ulcerative" or "Microbial"] + "Keratitis" + "Contact lenses" limit to "2007-2012". These articles were then reviewed for information on the percentage of microbial keratitis cases associated with contact lens wear, the frequency of Pseudomonas sp. as a causative agent of microbial keratitis around the world, the most common therapies to treat Pseudomonas keratitis, and the sensitivity of isolates of Pseudomonas to commonly prescribed antibiotics. The percentage of microbial keratitis associated with contact lens wear ranged from 0% in a study from Nepal to 54.5% from Japan. These differences may be due in part to different frequencies of contact lens wear. The frequency of Pseudomonas sp. as a causative agent of keratitis ranged from 1% in Japan to over 50% in studies from India, Malaysia, and Thailand. The most commonly reported agents used to treat Pseudomonas keratitis were either aminoglycoside (usually gentamicin) fortified with a cephalosporin, or monotherapy with a fluoroquinolone (usually ciprofloxacin). In most geographical areas, most strains of Pseudomonas sp. (≥95%) were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, but reports from India, Nigeria, and Thailand reported sensitivity to this antibiotic and similar fluoroquinolones of between 76% and 90%.
在PubMed和Medline数据库中检索了2007年至2012年间提及铜绿假单胞菌性角膜炎的文章，以了解该疾病的当前状况。关键词搜索使用了“铜绿假单胞菌”+“角膜炎”并限定为“2007 - 2012年”，以及“[溃疡性]或[微生物性]”+“角膜炎”+“隐形眼镜”并限定为“2007 - 2012年”。然后对这些文章进行审查，以获取与隐形眼镜佩戴相关的微生物性角膜炎病例百分比、世界各地铜绿假单胞菌作为微生物性角膜炎病原体的频率、治疗铜绿假单胞菌性角膜炎的最常用疗法以及铜绿假单胞菌分离株对常用抗生素的敏感性等信息。与隐形眼镜佩戴相关的微生物性角膜炎百分比在尼泊尔的一项研究中为0%，在日本为54.5%。这些差异可能部分归因于隐形眼镜佩戴频率的不同。铜绿假单胞菌作为角膜炎病原体的频率在日本为1%，在印度、马来西亚和泰国的研究中超过50%。治疗铜绿假单胞菌性角膜炎最常报告使用的药物是用头孢菌素强化的氨基糖苷类（通常是庆大霉素），或氟喹诺酮类（通常是环丙沙星）单药治疗。在大多数地理区域，大多数铜绿假单胞菌菌株（≥95%）对环丙沙星敏感，但印度、尼日利亚和泰国的报告显示该抗生素及类似氟喹诺酮类的敏感性在76%至90%之间。
