Kraychete Durval Campos, Sakata Rioko Kimiko
Universidade Federal da Bahia.
Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2012 Jul;62(4):554-62. doi: 10.1016/S0034-7094(12)70155-1.
Prolonged use of opioids is a possibility for chronic pain treatment. Opioids are effective for virtually all chronic noncancer pain syndromes, but may cause dependence. The aim of this paper is to review the use and rotation of opioids in chronic non-oncologic pain.
The use of potent opioids is controversial and not recommended as first-line drugs due to the possibility of dependence. The following topics are described: tolerance, addiction, risk factors for addiction, rotation or replacement, general administration rules, conversion tables, and tips for prescribing opioids.
Opioids are drugs with proven efficacy for chronic non-oncologic pain, but its prescription should meet certain criteria in order to reduce the incidence of adverse effects and addiction.
长期使用阿片类药物是慢性疼痛治疗的一种选择。阿片类药物对几乎所有慢性非癌性疼痛综合征均有效，但可能导致成瘾。本文旨在综述阿片类药物在慢性非肿瘤性疼痛中的使用及轮换。
强效阿片类药物的使用存在争议，由于有成瘾的可能性，不建议作为一线药物。文中描述了以下主题：耐受性、成瘾性、成瘾的危险因素、轮换或替代、一般给药规则、换算表以及阿片类药物处方技巧。
阿片类药物对慢性非肿瘤性疼痛具有已证实的疗效，但其处方应符合一定标准，以降低不良反应和成瘾的发生率。
