Programa de Pesquisas Ambientais, Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luís Roessler (FEPAM), Avenida Salvador França, 1707, CEP: 90690-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2012 Nov;89(9):1126-34. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.05.100. Epub 2012 Jul 12.
Organisms in the environment are exposed to a mixture of pollutants. Therefore the purpose of this study was to analyze the mutagenicity of organic and inorganic responses in two fractions of particulates (TSP and PM2.5) and extracts (organic and aqueous). The mutagenicity of organic and aqueous particulate matter extracts from urban-industrial and urban-residential areas was evaluated by Salmonella/microsome assay, through the microsuspension method, using strain TA98 with and without liver metabolization. Additionally, strains YG1021 and YG1024 (nitro-sensitive) were used for organic extracts. Aqueous extracts presented negative responses for mutagenesis and cytotoxicity was detected in 50% of the samples. In these extracts the presence of potential bioavailable metals was identified. All organic extracts presented mutagens with a higher potential associated with PM2.5. This study presents a first characterization of PM2.5 in Brazil, through the Salmonella/microsome assay. The evaluation strategy detected the anthropic influence of groups of compounds characteristically found in urban and industrial areas, even in samples with PM values in accordance with quality standards. Thus, the use of a genotoxic approach in areas under different anthropic influences will favor the adoption of preventive measures in the health/environment relation.
环境中的生物体会接触到污染物的混合物。因此，本研究的目的是分析两种颗粒物（TSP 和 PM2.5）和提取物（有机和水）中有机和无机反应的致突变性。采用带有和不带有肝代谢的沙门氏菌/微粒体测定法，通过微悬浮法，评估了城市工业和城市住宅地区的颗粒物有机和水提取物的致突变性。此外，还使用了菌株 YG1021 和 YG1024（对硝基敏感）来评估有机提取物。水提取物未呈现出致突变性，并且在 50%的样本中检测到细胞毒性。在这些提取物中，发现了潜在的生物可利用金属。所有有机提取物都呈现出与 PM2.5 相关的更高潜在致突变性。本研究通过沙门氏菌/微粒体测定法，首次对巴西的 PM2.5 进行了特征描述。评估策略检测到了在城市和工业地区典型存在的化合物组的人为影响，即使是在 PM 值符合质量标准的样本中也是如此。因此，在不同人为影响下的区域使用遗传毒性方法将有利于在健康/环境关系中采取预防措施。
