Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki City, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2012 Sep-Oct;55(2):e9-13. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2012.06.015. Epub 2012 Jul 12.
This study aimed to determine the association between sarcopenia, defined by muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, and higher-level functional capacity in community-dwelling Japanese elderly people. Subjects were 1158 elderly, community-dwelling Japanese people aged 65 or older. We used bioelectrical impedance analysis to measure muscle mass, grip strength to measure muscle strength, and usual walking speed to measure physical performance. Sarcopenia was characterized by low muscle mass, plus low muscle strength or low physical performance. Subjects without low muscle mass, low muscle strength, and low physical performance were classified as "normal." Examination of higher-level functional capacity was performed using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC). The TMIG-IC is a 13-item questionnaire completed by the subject; it contains five questions on self-maintenance and four questions each on intellectual activity and social role. Sarcopenia was identified in 11.3% and 10.7% of men and women, respectively. The percentage of disability for instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) was 39.0% in men with sarcopenia and 30.6% in women with sarcopenia. After adjustment for age, in men, sarcopenia was significantly associated with IADL disability compared with intermediate and normal subjects. In women, sarcopenia was significantly associated with every subscale of the TMIG-IC disability compared with intermediate and normal subjects. This study revealed that sarcopenia, defined by muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, had a significant association with disability in higher-level functional capacity in elderly Japanese subjects. Interventions to prevent sarcopenia may prevent higher-level functional disability among elderly people.
本研究旨在探讨肌少症（通过肌肉量、肌肉力量和身体表现来定义）与社区居住的日本老年人更高层次的功能能力之间的关联。研究对象为 1158 名年龄在 65 岁及以上的社区居住的日本老年人。我们使用生物电阻抗分析来测量肌肉量，使用握力来测量肌肉力量，使用日常行走速度来测量身体表现。肌少症的特点是肌肉量低，加上肌肉力量低或身体表现低。没有肌肉量低、肌肉力量低和身体表现低的人被归类为“正常”。使用东京都立老人研究所功能能力指数（TMIG-IC）来检查更高层次的功能能力。TMIG-IC 是由被试者完成的 13 项问卷，包含 5 个关于自我维护的问题和 4 个关于智力活动和社会角色的问题。男性和女性的肌少症发生率分别为 11.3%和 10.7%。肌少症男性的日常生活活动（IADL）工具性残疾比例为 39.0%，肌少症女性为 30.6%。在调整年龄后，男性肌少症与中间和正常组相比，与 IADL 残疾显著相关。在女性中，与中间和正常组相比，肌少症与 TMIG-IC 残疾的每个子量表都显著相关。本研究表明，通过肌肉量、肌肉力量和身体表现来定义的肌少症与日本老年受试者更高层次的功能能力残疾显著相关。预防肌少症的干预措施可能会预防老年人更高层次的功能残疾。
